<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0188-7653</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Perfiles latinoamericanos]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Perf. latinoam.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0188-7653</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Sede Académica de México]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0188-76532018000200014</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18504/pl2652-001-2018</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Observación, causalidad y explicación causal]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Observation, causality and causal explanation]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cortés]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fernando]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Flacso México  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>52</numero>
<fpage>0</fpage>
<lpage>0</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0188-76532018000200014&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0188-76532018000200014&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0188-76532018000200014&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: En este ensayo se establece un diálogo entre las principales teorías epistemológicas sobre la causalidad que concluye con la diferenciación entre la causalidad y la explicación causal. Esta distinción es fundamental si se considera que la causalidad es un rasgo inaccesible de la naturaleza al que la ciencia se aproxima mediante explicaciones causales, es decir, basándose en modelos que organizan el material empírico y examinan el grado de correspondencia entre los resultados esperados, los proporcionados por el modelo y las observaciones. Los modelos correlacionales como las regresiones y los análisis de senderos, los modelos multinivel, el análisis de paneles y, en términos más generales, las ecuaciones lineales estructurales, entre otros, son concreciones del pensamiento conceptual de quien los diseña (o escribe) y se someten al veredicto de la refutación. En consecuencia, la conclusión es que la causalidad no emerge de los datos ni es un resultado que surja de los modelos estadísticos.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: In this essay a dialogue is established between the main epistemological theories about causality that concludes with the differentiation between causality and causal explanation. This distinction is of great importance if one considers that causality is an inaccessible feature of the nature to which science approaches by means of causal explanations, that is, based on models that allow the organization of empirical material and examine the degree of correspondence between the expected results, provided by the model, and observations. As a particular case, correlation models such as regressions, trail analysis, multilevel models, panel analysis and, more generally, structural linear equations, among others, are concretions of the conceptual thinking of those who design them (or write) and submit to falsification. Consequently, the conclusion is that causality does not emerge from the data nor is it a result that emerges from the statistical models.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[causalidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[explicación causal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[inferencia causal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[modelos estadísticos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[refutación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[observación (método científico)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Causality]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[causal explanation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[causal inference]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[statistical models]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[refutation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[observation (scientific method)]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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