<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0188-4999</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista internacional de contaminación ambiental]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Int. Contam. Ambient]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0188-4999</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0188-49992020000200413</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20937/rica.53591</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[CHARACTERIZATION OF UNTREATED AND COMPOSTED BIOCHAR DERIVED FROM ORANGE AND PINEAPPLE PEELS]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[CARACTERIZACIÓN DE BIOCARBÓN SIN TRATAR Y COMPOSTADO DERIVADO DE CÁSCARAS DE NARANJA Y PIÑA]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chávez-García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Elizabeth]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aguillón-Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Javier]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez-González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Arturo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Siebe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Christina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Mexico City ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Instituto de Geología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Mexico City ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Instituto de Ingeniería ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Mexico City ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>413</fpage>
<lpage>427</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0188-49992020000200413&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0188-49992020000200413&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0188-49992020000200413&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Biochar production is a waste management option for agro-businesses and it is widely used to sequester carbon and to improve soil fertility. The preferred feedstock to produce biochar has been lignin and cellulose rich materials, or a mixture of industrial or animal residues. However, residues rich in soluble sugars, pectin and polysaccharides, such as fruit wastes, have been rarely used and are widely available. Furthermore, the release of toxic compounds has been reported when untreated biochars are used as soil amendments. Here we test if composting is able to eliminate toxicants and to improve biochar characteristics. We produced biochar out of orange and pineapple peels by pyrolysis, and characterized the physical and chemical properties of untreated and composted biochars. The analyses show that the untreated biochar has a high soluble salt and C content, an alkaline nature and high porosity. The composting process increased the pH, micronutrients, exchangeable cations, oxygen-based functional groups and the labile carbon, and reduced the PAHs and dioxins. Our results reveal that orange and pineapple peels are suitable raw materials for producing biochar but should be composted before using them as soil amendments.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN La producción de biocarbón es una opción para el manejo de residuos agroindustriales, el cual se usa ampliamente para secuestrar carbono y mejorar la fertilidad del suelo. Para producirlo, generalmente se han utilizado materiales ricos en lignina y celulosa o una mezcla de residuos industriales o animales. Sin embargo, los residuos ricos en azúcares solubles, pectina y polisacáridos, como los desechos de frutas, se han utilizado poco y están ampliamente disponibles. Además, se pueden liberar compuestos tóxicos cuando se utilizan biocarbones no tratados como abonos. En este trabajo probamos si el compostaje es capaz de eliminar toxinas y de mejorar las propiedades de biocarbones producidos a partir de la pirólisis de cáscaras de naranja y piña. Caracterizamos las propiedades físicas y químicas de lotes de biocarbón no tratado y compostado. Los análisis muestran que el biocarbón no tratado tiene un alto contenido de sales solubles y C, naturaleza alcalina y alta porosidad. El proceso de compostaje aumentó el pH, los micronutrientes, los cationes intercambiables, los grupos funcionales y el carbón lábil, a la vez que redujo los HAP y las dioxinas. Nuestros resultados muestran que las cáscaras de naranja y piña son materias primas adecuadas para la producción de biocarbón, pero deben compostarse antes de ser usados como abonos.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pyrolysis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[soil amendment]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[fruit waste]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[composting]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[organic pollutants]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[pirólisis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[abono]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[desperdicios de fruta]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[compostaje]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[contaminantes orgánicos]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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