Ernesto Jáuregui Ostos*
*Investigador del Instituto de Geografía de la UNAM.
Resumen
Las invasiones de aire polar en el Golfo de México han aumentado su frecuencia e intensidad debido a cambios en la circulación general ocurridos a partir de la década de los años sesenta. El resultado ha sido un decrecimiento de la temperatura y un incremento de las lluvias invernales. La principal estación de lluvias, centrada en el semestre de verano, está relacionada con la llegada, al área, de la corriente tropical de los alisios húmedos con su constelación de perturbaciones.
]]> Abstract
A description is made of the principal weather systems that affect the region of the Gulf of Mexico and its adjacent Mexican coastal areas. During the semester centered in winter cold polar outbreaks visit the area producing a secondary rainy season in this period. As a result of change in the general circulation during the 60's the frequency and intensity of 'Northers' has appreciably increased; as a result winter rainfall has augmented and corresponding temperatures have fallen in the area during the last decade. The main rainy season is centered in the summer when hurricanes and other tropical disturbances are the main rainproducing systems.
DESCARGAR ARTÍCULO EN FORMATO PDF
Referencias bibliográficas
Amaya Topete, J. (1958) Atlas mexicano de la Conquista. Fondo de Cultura Económica. México. [ Links ]
Ballenzweig, E. (1957) "Seasonal variation in frequency of Atlantic tropical cyclones". Nat Huricane Research. Rept. No. 9 U. S. W. B. [ Links ]
]]>Bjerkness, J. (1950) "Extratropical cyclones". Compendium of Meteorology. Amer. Meteor. Soc. Boston. p. 590. [ Links ]
Bradbury, D. (1958) "On the behaviour patterns of cyclones as related to zonal index" Bull. Amer. Meteoro. Soc. Vol. 39(3). [ Links ]
Cry, G. W. Haggard, W. (1962) "North Atlantic tropical cyclones activity. 1901–60" Monthly Weather, Review. Vol. 8, p. 348. [ Links ]
Domínguez, E. (1940) Elementos de Previsión del Tiempo a corto Plazo en la República Mexicana. Esc. Náutica. Veracruz. [ Links ]
Dunn, O. (1940) "Cyclogenesis in the tropical Atlantic". Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. Vol. 21; 225–229. [ Links ]
]]>Dunn, G. (1956) "Areas of hurricane development". Monthly Weather Review. Vol. 84 (2); 47–50. [ Links ]
Frank, N. (1970) "Atlantic tropical systems of 1969". Monthly Weather Review. Vol. 98 (2); 47–50. [ Links ]
Frank, N. 1970 "Atlantic tropical systems of 1969". Monthly Weather Review. Vol. 98 (4); 307–314. [ Links ]
Frank, N. (1969) "The inverted V cloud pattern–an Easterly wave?" Monthly Weather, Review. Vol. 97 (2); 130–139. [ Links ]
Gentry, C. 1971) Symposium on investigations and Resources of the Caribbean Sea and Adjacent Regions. UNESCO. Paris, p. 80. [ Links ]
]]>Green, R. (1966) "The weather and Circulation of February 1966". Monthly Weather Review. Vol. 94 (5) p. 345. [ Links ]
Gray, W. M. (1958) "Global view of the origin of tropical disturbances". Monthly Weather Review. Vol. 96; 669–700. [ Links ]
Guzman, J. (1904) Climatología de la República Mexicana. Ed. Imprenta Gf. País, México. 57 pp. [ Links ]
Hastenrath, S. (1966) "On the general circulation and energy budget in the area of Central American seas". Journ. Atm. Sci. Nov. 694–711.
Hill, J. (1969) Temperature variability and synoptic cold fronts in the winter climate of Mexico. Mc–Gill University, Montreal. Climat. Series No. 4. [ Links ]
Hosler, Ch. (1956) "Easterly waves in the Gulf of Mexico". Bull, Amer. Meteor. Soc. Vol. 37 (3); 101. [ Links ]
Jáuregui, E. (1958) Variación secular de los tipos de configuración isobárica de superficie para la República Mexicana. Instituto de Ciencia Aplicada, UNAM–UNESCO, (mimeógrafo). [ Links ]
Jáuregui, E. (1967) "Las ondas del Este y los ciclones tropicales en México". Ing. Hidr. en México. Vol. 21 (3); 197–208. [ Links ]
Jáuregui, E. (1971) "Variaciones de largo periodo de los tipos de tiempo de superficie en México". Boletín Instituto de Geogr. UNAM. Vol. 4; 9–22. [ Links ]
Jetton, E. Woods, C. (1967) "Heavy rains in SEN. Méx. and SW Texas". Monthly Weather Review. Vol. 95 (4); 221–224. [ Links ]
Klaus, D. (1974) "Las invasiones de aire frío en Los trópicos, a sotavento de las montañas Rocallocas". Geofis. Int. Vol. 13 (2) p. 103. [ Links ]
Lahey, J. 1958) On the origin of the Dry Climate in Northern South America. Ph. D. Dissertation, Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison. [ Links ]
Lamb, H. H. (1966) "Climate in the 60's World Wind Circulation reflected in prevailing temperatures and rainfall patterns", Geogr. Journ. Vol. 132 Part. 2; 183–212. [ Links ]
López, E. (1917a) "Los Nortes". Bol. Soc. Méx. Geogr. y Estad. Tomo 8 (2). [ Links ]
López, E. (1971b) "Estudio sobre los Nortes". Bol. No. 6 del Observatorio Meteor, y Sismol Central, Junio. [ Links ]
López, E. (1921) Nueva nota sobre los Nortes del Golfo. Soc. Cient. A. Alzate. Talleres Gráficos de la Nación. Tomo 41. [ Links ]
Lucio, R. (1929) "Los vientos boreales en la Rep Mexicana". Secr. Agric. y Fomento. Publ. No. 7. 10 pp. [ Links ]
Monthly Climatic data for the World. Sponsored by world Meteor. Organization U. S. Dept. of Commerce NOAA. Environmental, Data Service. Asheville N. C. [ Links ]
Namias, J. (1955) "Some meteorological aspects of Drought". Monthly Weather Review. Vol. 83; 155–205. [ Links ]
Portig, W. (1958) "Frontdurchgang in Mittelamerika" Meteorologische Rundschau Vol. 11. Heft 4; 112–116. [ Links ]
Riehl, H. (1945) "Waves in the Easterlies and the polar front in the tropics". Univ. of Chicago, Misc. Papers. Report No. 17. [ Links ]
Riehl, H. (1965) Introduction to the atmosphere, McGraw–Hill. p. 158. [ Links ]
Saucier, W. (1949) "Texas West Gulf Cyclones". Monthly Weather. Review. Vol. 77 (8); 219–231. [ Links ]
Sadler N. (1966) The Easterly wave — biggest hoax in Tropical Meteorology. Seminar Nat. Center Atm. Research. Boulder. Colo. [ Links ]
Sugg, A. Herbert, P. (1969) "The Atlantic hurricane Season of 1968". Monthly Weather Review. Vol. 97 (3); 225–239. [ Links ]
Simpson, R. H., Neil, F. Shiedcler, D., Johnson, H. (1968) "Atlantic tropical disturbances 1967". Monthly Weather Review. Vol. 96 (4); 251–259. [ Links ]
Simpson, R. Frank, N. Shideler D., Johnson H. (1969) "Atlantic tropical disturbances 1968". Monthly Weather Review. Vol. 97 (3); 241–254. [ Links ]
Stark, L., Richter, D. (1954 "Cyclogenesis in the Gulf States". Monthly Weather Review. Vol. 82 (1); 35–39. [ Links ]
Thompson, B. (1965) The climate of Africa. Oxford Univ. Press, N. York, 132 p. [ Links ]
U. S. Weather Bureau (1959), Hurricane Forecasting Guide No. 3. U. S. Dept. of Commerce. [ Links ]
Winstanley, D. (1973) "Rainfall patterns and general atmospheric circulation" Nature. Vol. 245; 190–194. [ Links ]
]]>