<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0188-2503</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de sociología]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Mex. Sociol]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0188-2503</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0188-25032025000500175</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22201/iis.01882503p.2025.e.63179</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Comunidades científicas de Argentina, Brasil y México (2004-2020)]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Scientific Communities of Argentina, Brazil and Mexico (2004-2020)]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Levin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luciano]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Río Negro  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Argentina</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>87</volume>
<numero>spe</numero>
<fpage>175</fpage>
<lpage>209</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0188-25032025000500175&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0188-25032025000500175&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0188-25032025000500175&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: Se analiza la estructura y la evolución de las comunidades científicas nacionales (CCN) en Argentina, Brasil y México. Para ello, primero se discute el concepto de Comunidad Científica y se identifican las variables a considerar, tanto en la parte cualitativa, como en la cuantitativa. En términos cualitativos se examinan los sistemas institucionales y la organización de carreras científicas y de incentivos a la investigación, la distribución territorial y de género junto con los mecanismos de ingreso y evaluación. De manera cuantitativa se analiza la producción y la productividad simple y en función del presupuesto y las citas recibidas. Finalmente, se comparan las comunidades nacionales estudiadas.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: The structure and evolution of the National Scientific Communities (NSC) in Argentina, Brazil and Mexico are analyzed. For this purpose, first the concept of Scientific Community is discussed and the variables to be considered, both qualitatively and quantitatively, are identified. In qualitative terms, we examine the institutional systems and the organization of scientific careers and research incentives, territorial and gender distribution together with the mechanisms of admission and evaluation. Quantitatively, production and productivity are analyzed in simple terms and in terms of budget and citations received. Finally, the national communities studied are compared.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Comunidades científicas nacionales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[producción científica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[productividad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[bibliometría]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[National scientific communities]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[scientific production]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[productivity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[bibliometry]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aupetit]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sylvie Didou]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gérard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Etienne]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El sistema nacional de investigadores, veinticinco años después: La comunidad científica, entre distinción e internacionalización]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Asociación Nacional de Universidades e Instituciones de Educación Superior]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bekerman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fabiana]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El proince como instancia de legitimación de una cultura evaluativa. Capitales, inversiones y controversias: Vol. Culturas evaluativas Impactos y dilemas del Programa de Incentivos a Docentes-Investigadores en Argentina (1993-2018):]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<page-range>269-82</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Buenos Aires ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Clacso]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bernal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[John Desmond]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Social Function of Science]]></source>
<year>1939</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Londres ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Routledge Kegan y Paul]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daniel]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Macroeconomic policies and economic democracy in neoliberal Brazil]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Economia e Sociedade]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>513-39</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bourdieu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pierre]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Le champ scientifique]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Actes de la recherche en sciences sociales]]></source>
<year>1976</year>
<numero>2-3</numero>
<issue>2-3</issue>
<page-range>88-104</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burgess]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ernest Watson]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Community, Family, and Delinquency]]></source>
<year>1973</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Chicago ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[University of Chicago Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Camou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Antonio]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Prati]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marcelo]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Varela]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sebastián]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Reconfiguraciones en la agenda académica, disputas en torno a la dimensión lo público y debates sobre el futuro de la universidad]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ IX Encuentro nacional y VI latinoamericano La Universidad como objeto de investigación]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc>La Plata </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cándido]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lucilene]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Natacha]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rocha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Joao Batista]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[As geociências do cnpq a partir de seus bolsistas de produtividade em pesquisa]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Anuário do Instituto de Geociências]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>142-55</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Casas Guerrero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rosalba]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La idea de comunidad científica: Su significado teórico y su contenido ideológico]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Mexicana de Sociología]]></source>
<year>1980</year>
<volume>42</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>1217</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Casas Guerrero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rosalba]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La formación de redes de conocimiento: Una perspectiva desde México]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Anthropos]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (Conacyt)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Evaluación de Consistencia y Resultados 2017-2018 Sistema Nacional de Investigadores]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Conacyt]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (Conicet)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Repositorio Institucional Conicet Digital. Avance e Indicadores de Impacto de la Producción Científico-Tecnológica]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Argentina ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Oficina Técnica. Gerencia de Organización y Sistemas]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (Conicet)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Indicadores de la producción científico-tecnológica]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Argentina ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Repositorio Institucional Conicet]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<source><![CDATA[Bolsas individuais no País]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Brasil ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CNPQ]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Contreras Gómez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Leonardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Antón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Manuel Gil]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gómez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ximena Altonar]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Las investigadoras en el Sistema Nacional de Investigadores: Tan iguales y tan diferentes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de la educación superior]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>201</numero>
<issue>201</issue>
<page-range>51-72</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cooley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Charles Horton]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Roots of Social Knowledge]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[American Journal of Sociology]]></source>
<year>1926</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>1926-27</numero>
<issue>1926-27</issue>
<page-range>59-79</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Coordinación de la formación del personal de nivel superior (Capes)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Conjuntos de dados-Dados Abertos Capes]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Souza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Claudia Danielle]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Filippo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daniela De]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Casado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Elías Sanz]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[International visibility of Brazilian public universities]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[STI 2018 Conference Proceedings]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<page-range>420-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz Barriga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ángel]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Los programas de evaluación (estímulos al rendimiento académico) en la comunidad de investigadores: Un estudio en la UNAM]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de investigación educativa]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Durkheim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Emile]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Las Reglas del método sociológico]]></source>
<year>1895</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[España ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Alianza]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Galaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jesus Francisco]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Padilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Laura]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Manuel]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sevilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan José]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Los dilemas del profesorado en la educación superior mexicana]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Calidad en la Educación]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garfield]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Eugene]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[From Bibliographic Coupling to Co-Citation Analysis via Algorithmic Historio-Bibliography]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ Drexel University]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc>Philadelphia </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gläser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jochan]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Laudel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gritt]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Social Construction of Bibliometric Evaluations]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Whitley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Richard]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gläser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jochen]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Changing Governance of the Sciences]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<page-range>101-23</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Netherlands ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Springer Netherlands]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gonçalves]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Deize]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kryczyk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cristina]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Diferenciais por áreas de conhecimento no impacto das bolsas de produtividade em pesquisa do CNPQ sobre a produção acadêmica dos contemplados: Um estudo para o Brasil entre 2013-2016]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Brasil ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidade Federal de Paraná]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Koch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Tomás]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vanderstraeten]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rafael]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Internationalizing a national scientific community? Changes in publication and citation practices in Chile, 1976-2015]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Current Sociology]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>67</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>723-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kuhn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Thomas]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La estructura de las revoluciones científicas]]></source>
<year>1962</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fondo de Cultura Económica]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Levin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luciano]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Anexo de datos del artículo: Comunidades científicas de Argentina, Brasil y México 2004-2020 [Data set]]]></source>
<year>2025</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Zenodo]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Merton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Robert]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La sociología de la ciencia: investigaciones teóricas y empíricas. Recopilación e introducción de Norman W. Storer]]></source>
<year>1977</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Alianza Editorial]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Merton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Robert]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La división del Trabajo Social de Durkheim]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Española de Investigaciones Sociológicas]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>99</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>201-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Productiva (Mincyt)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Investigación y Desarrollo en Organismos Públicos de Ciencia y Tecnología Año 2021. Informe sectorial de resultados del Relevamiento Anual a Entidades que Realizan Actividades Científicas y Tecnológicas]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Dirección Nacional de Información Científica, Subsecretaría de Estudios y Prospectiva]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mota]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana Claudia de Souza]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A evolução dos bolsistas de produtividade e de desenvolvimento tecnológico do cnpq: Um estudo de caso para Ciências Ambientais]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Brazil ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidade Federal do Río Grande do Sul]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Needham]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[John]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Grand Titration. Science in East and West]]></source>
<year>1969</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Londres ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Allen and Unwin]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Niembro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrés]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[¿Federalización de la ciencia y tecnología en Argentina? La carrera del investigador de Conicet (2010-2019)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ciencia, Docencia y Tecnología]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>60</numero>
<issue>60</issue>
<page-range>01-33</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económico (OCDE)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Guidelines for Collecting and Reporting Data on Research and Experimental Development, The Measurement of Scientific, Technological and Innovation Activities]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[OCDE]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Plataforma Nacional de Datos Abiertos</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Gobierno de México]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Polanyi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Michael]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ziman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[John]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fuller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Steve]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Republic of Science: Its Political and Economic Theory]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Minerva]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schwartzman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Simon]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A Pesquisa Científica e o Interesse Público]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Brasileira de Inovação]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>361-95</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Secretaría de Políticas Universitarias (SPU)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Anuario Estadísticas Universitarias Argentinas 2020]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Argentina ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[SPU]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tönnies]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ferdinand]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Tönnies: Community and Civil Society]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cambridge University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vasen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Federico]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sarthou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nerina]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Silvina]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Brenda]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pintos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Manuel]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Sistemas Nacionales de Categorización de Investigadores en Iberoamérica: la configuración de un modelo regional]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Documento de trabajo n°1 Proyecto PICT 2018-2794]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vasen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Federico]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sarthou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nerina]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Silvina]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Brenda]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pintos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Manuel]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Turning academics into researchers: The development of National Researcher Categorization Systems in Latin America]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Research Evaluation]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>244-55</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weber]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Max]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Economía y Sociedad]]></source>
<year>1944</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fondo de Cultura Económica]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Whitley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Richard]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Intellectual and Social Organization of the Sciences]]></source>
<year>1984</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Nueva York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Oxford University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Whitley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Richard]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The changing governance of the public sciences: The consequences of research evaluation systems]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Whitley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Richard]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gläser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jochen]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Katherine]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Changing Governance of Sciences: The advent of Research Evaluation Systems]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Springer]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yahiel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nico]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La sociología de la ciencia como una teoría sociológica determinada]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Mexicana de Sociología]]></source>
<year>1975</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>55-80</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
