<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0187-6236</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Atmósfera]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Atmósfera]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0187-6236</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0187-62362024000100001</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20937/atm.53181</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Development and evaluation of a bulk three-moment parameterization scheme incorporating the processes of sedimentation and collision-coalescence]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Donet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lainer]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alfonso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lester]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Instituto de Ciencias de la Atmósfera y Cambio Climático ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México Colegio de Ciencia y Tecnología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>38</volume>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0187-62362024000100001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0187-62362024000100001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0187-62362024000100001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT There are a few three-moment schemes that consider other processes besides sedimentation. Thus, a performance assessment of these types of schemes due to the combined effect of sedimentation and other microphysical processes is a matter of interest. In this study, a warm rain bulk three-moment parameterized scheme was developed and evaluated through a detailed comparison with a bin microphysical scheme. To evaluate the impact of sedimentation and the combined effect of sedimentation and collision-coalescence on the droplet size distribution (DSD), a rain shaft model was applied to the DSD with different initial values of the shape parameter. For pure sedimentation, a good correspondence was obtained between the three-moment scheme and the explicit model, with a practically perfect coincidence of bulk quantities for larger values of the gamma distribution&#8217;s initial shape parameter and, in general, the three-moment parameterization scheme performing much better than the two-moment scheme. The simulations performed for this case confirm (as reported in previous studies) that for pure sedimentation, the three-moment parameterization schemes deliver a physically more complete representation of the evolution of droplet size distribution. The impact of the combined effect of sedimentation and collision-coalescence processes on DSD was also assessed. We could observe that certain differences arise between the parameterized scheme and the spectral model when the collision-coalescence process is incorporated, as the onset of precipitation occurs earlier in the three-moment parameterized scheme. It can be concluded that, in general, the three-moment warm rain bulk microphysics scheme is able to reproduce the results of the reference bin microphysical model.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN Hay pocos modelos microfísicos de tres momentos que consideren otros procesos además de la sedimentación. Por lo tanto, una evaluación del desempeño de este tipo de esquemas bajo la acción combinada de los procesos de sedimentación y colisión-coalescencia es un tema de interés. En este estudio se desarrolló y posteriormente se evaluó un esquema parametrizado de tres momentos para nubes calientes a través de su comparación con un modelo de microfísica detallada. Para evaluar el impacto de la sedimentación y el efecto combinado de la sedimentación y la colisión-coalescencia en la distribución por tamaños de las gotas (DSD, por su sigla en inglés), se realizaron corridas con un modelo cinemático para diferentes DSD con diferentes valores iniciales del parámetro de forma. Para la sedimentación pura se obtuvo una buena correspondencia entre el esquema de tres momentos y el modelo explícito, con una coincidencia prácticamente perfecta de cantidades unitarias para valores mayores del parámetro de la forma inicial de la distribución gamma. En general, se demostró que la parametrización de tres momentos funciona mucho mejor que el esquema de dos momentos. Las simulaciones realizadas para este caso confirman (como se reportó en estudios anteriores) que, para la sedimentación pura, los esquemas de tres momentos brindan una representación más completa de la evolución de la distribución por tamaños. También se evaluó el impacto del efecto combinado de los procesos de sedimentación y colisión-coalescencia en la distribución por tamaños. Se pudo observar que hay ciertas diferencias entre el esquema parametrizado y el modelo espectral cuando se incorpora el proceso de colisión de coalescencia, ya que el inicio de la precipitación ocurre antes en el esquema parametrizado de tres momentos. Se puede concluir que el esquema microfísico de tres momentos es capaz de reproducir en términos generales los resultados del modelo de microfísica explícita.]]></p></abstract>
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<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[method of moments]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[parameterizations]]></kwd>
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</article-meta>
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