<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0186-7202</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Estudios Económicos (México, D.F.)]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Estud. Econ. (México, D.F.)]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0186-7202</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[El Colegio de México A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0186-72022017000200293</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Multilateral trade and environmental reforms in a polluted open economy]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Reformas multilaterales sobre comercio y medio ambiente en una economía abierta y contaminada]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gallegos David]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Anáhuac  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[México Norte ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>293</fpage>
<lpage>315</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0186-72022017000200293&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0186-72022017000200293&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0186-72022017000200293&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This paper presents welfare-improving reforms for a polluted open economy aiming to reduce distortions from the use of trade and pollution taxes applied at a sub-optimal level. Using a general equilibrium model where two final goods are produced using an intermediate pollutant input and traded with a foreign country, the domestic economy chooses trade and environmental policies optimally. Terms of trade e&#64256;ects are key to finding that free trade and non-zero pollution taxes are the directions for multilateral welfare-improving reforms.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Este artículo presenta reformas que mejoran el bienestar de una economía abierta y contaminada con el objeto de disminuir las distorsiones que se originan del uso de aranceles e impuestos a la contaminación. Con un modelo de equilibrio general en el que dos bienes finales se producen utilizando un insumo contaminante, la economía doméstica elige aranceles e impuestos a la contaminación de manera óptima. El efecto términos de intercambio es clave para identificar que el libre comercio e impuestos a la contaminación no nulos son la dirección que las reformas multilaterales toman para mejorar el bienestar económico.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[optimal policies]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[international trade]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[multilateral externalities]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[environment]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[trade reforms]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[política óptima]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[comercio internacional]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[medioambiente]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[externalidades multilaterales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[reformas comerciales]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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