<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0186-1042</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Contaduría y administración]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Contad. Adm]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0186-1042</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Contaduría y Administración]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0186-10422020000400002</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22201/fca.24488410e.2020.2039</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Determinants of audit fees for Portugal and Spain]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Determinantes de los honorarios por auditoría para Portugal y España]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana Sofía Valente Cunha]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Inácio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Helena Coelho]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vieira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Elisabete F. Simões]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade de Aveiro  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>65</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0186-10422020000400002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0186-10422020000400002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0186-10422020000400002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This paper intends to analyze the determinants of audit fees in Portugal and Spain at a time when the audit profession has felt increasingly strong pressures on its ethical, independence and quality of professional attitude, showing that audit fees behave differently in these two countries. The liberalization of audit services&#8217; fees in Portugal, with the elimination in 2005 of the minimum audit fees table based on the audited company size, arouses the interest in perceiving the factors that determine audit fees. In Spain, the various financial scandals have placed audit fees in the main focus. These countries, which form the Iberian Peninsula, have a strongly related economic and cultural history, having also joined the European Union on the same date. In addition, audit fees have not been much studied in these countries, so it is important to perceive their behavior by comparing results. The results indicate that, in Spain, audit fees are determined mainly by the size, complexity and risk of the audited company. It was also found in Spain that the big four companies charge higher fees and companies that change their audit firm pay lower fees in the year of rotation. In Portugal, the size of the audited company was considered the only factor contributing to the determination of audit fees. The analysis includes a sample of 39 listed companies in Portugal and 104 companies listed in Spain for the period of 2013 to 2015 using the ordinary least squares.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Este artículo tiene como intención analizar los determinantes de los honorarios por auditoria en Portugal y España en un período en el que esta profesión experimenta fuertes y crecientes presiones sobre la ética, independencia y calidad de su actitud profesional, mostrando que dichos honorarios se comportan de manera diferente en estos dos países. La liberalización de los honarios por servicios de auditoría en Portugal, al eliminar en 2005 la tabla de honorarios mínimos basada en el tamaño de la empresa auditada, despierta el interés en detectar los factores que los determinan. en En España los diversos escándalos financieros han puesto esos honorarios en el foco principal. Estos países, que forman la península ibérica, tienen una economía e historia cultural fuertemente relacionadas, habiéndose incorporado a la Unión Europea en la misma fecha. Adicionalmente, los honorarios por auditoría no se han estudiado mucho en estos países, por lo que es importante detectar sus comportamientos y comparar los resultados. Los resultados indican que en España están determinados principalmente pro el tamaño, complejidad y riesgo de la empresa auditada. También se encontró que en ese país las cuatro firmas auditoras más grandes cobran honorarios más altos y que las émpresas que cambian de firma auditora pagan honorarios más bajos durante el año del cambio. En Portugal el tamaño de la empresa auditada fue el único factor que contribuye a la determinación de los honorarios. El análisis, usando mínimos cuadrados ordinarios, incluye una muestra de 39 empresas listadas en el mercado de valores de Portugal y 104 en el de España de 2013 a 2015.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[M41]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[M42]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[M48]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[M49]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Auditing]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Fees]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Independence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Portugal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Spain]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[M41]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[M42]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[M48]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[M49]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Auditoría]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Honorarios]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Independencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Portugal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[España]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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