<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0186-0348</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Secuencia]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Secuencia]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0186-0348</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto de Investigaciones Dr. José María Luis Mora]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0186-03482023000200109</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18234/secuencia.v0i116.2077</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Reflexiones sobre la construcción del tráfico de migrantes en Colombia a partir del caso de Urabá]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Reflections on the Construction of Migrant Smuggling in Colombia Based on the Case of Uraba]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Echeverri Zuluaga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jonathan]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ordóñez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan Thomas]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Álvarez Posada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jorge Raúl]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nicolás Henao]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Antioquia Departamento de Antropología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad del Rosario Escuela de Ciencias Humanas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Antioquia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Antioquia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>116</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0186-03482023000200109&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0186-03482023000200109&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0186-03482023000200109&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: Desde hace aproximadamente dos décadas, Colombia se ha visto expuesta a flujos migratorios de africanos, asiáticos y caribeños (generalmente cubanos y haitianos). Este artículo analiza la manera en que estos flujos son tratados en la prensa nacional digital, la academia y la legislación colombiana. Las construcciones del problema que encontramos en estas esferas muestran una predominancia de la asociación entre esta forma de movilidad humana y el tráfico de migrantes. Sugerimos que esta perspectiva no da cuenta de la diversidad de formas en las que se puede gestionar el viaje y que más bien estigmatiza y criminaliza las relaciones espontáneas o desinteresadas que se puedan crear en el tránsito, negando la capacidad de agencia que tiene la gente en movimiento.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: For approximately two decades, Colombia has experienced migratory flows of Africans, Asians, and Caribbeans (mainly Cubans and Haitians). This article analyzes the way these flows are treated in the national digital press, academia, and Colombian legislation. Construction of the problem in these spheres tends to associate this form of human mobility with migrant smuggling. We suggest that this perspective fails to account for the range of ways the journey can be interpreted and instead stigmatizes and criminalizes the spontaneous or disinterested relationships that can emerge in transit, denying the capacity for agency of people on the move.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tráfico de migrantes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Urabá]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[migración extracontinental]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[prensa digital]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[migrant smuggling]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Uraba]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[extracontinental migration]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[digital press]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Acharya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[How ideas Spread: Whose norms matter? Norm localization and institutional change in Asian regionalism]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Organization]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>58</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>239-75</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>ACNUR</collab>
<source><![CDATA[La protección de los refugiados y la migración mixta: El Plan de los 10 Puntos en Acción]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Ginebra ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Autor]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Álvarez Velasco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ecuador-México-Estados Unidos: La producción de una zona de tránsito entre políticas de control y la autonomía de la migración]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cordero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mezzadra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Varela]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[América Latina en movimiento. Migraciones, límites y sus desbordamientos]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<page-range>63-98</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Álvarez Velasco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[From Ecuador to elsewhere: the (re)configuration of a transit country]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Migration and Society]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>34-49</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aya Smitmans]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carvajal Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Téllez Iregui]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Indagación sobre las causas de la escasa inmigración en Colombia: ¿ausencia de políticas públicas o políticas públicas restrictivas?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[OPERA]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>167-83</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Badrán Robayo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Palma Gutiérrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Crimen transnacional organizado y utilitarismo sociológico: evidencia desde el tráfico de migrantes en Colombia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Oasis]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<numero>25</numero>
<issue>25</issue>
<page-range>77-94</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baird]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Van Liempt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Scrutinising the double disadvantage: Knowledge production in the messy field of migrant smuggling]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>42</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>400-17</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bibliowicz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Intermitencia, ambivalencia y discrepancia: historia de la presencia judía en Colombia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Amérique Latine Histoire et Mémoire]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bilger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hofman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jandl]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Human smuggling as a transnational service industry: Evidence from Austria]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Migration]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>44</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>59-93</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Botero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Código penal colombiano]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Medellín ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Medellín]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cabrera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Conflicto armado, criminalidad y violencia en la frontera colombo-panameña: elementos críticos para buscar una transición]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Molano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Fronteras en Colombia como zonas estratégicas: análisis y perspectivas]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<page-range>221-44</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto de Ciencia Política]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cárdenas-Benítez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Los olvidados deseantes del Darién en busca del Norte]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Quaestiones Disputatae]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>28</numero>
<issue>28</issue>
<page-range>157-70</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Clot]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Mercados regionales de la migración irregular en el Caribe y Centroamérica]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ III International Forum &#8220;Russia and Iberoamerica in a globalizing world: history and modernity&#8221;]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Collyer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[In-between places: Trans-Saharan transit migrants in Morocco and the fragmented journey to Europe]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Antipode]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>668-90</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Domenech]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Las políticas de migración en Sudamérica. Terceiro Milênio]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Crítica de Sociologia e Política]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>19-48</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Domenech]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boito]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Luchas migrantes en Sudamérica: reflexiones críticas desde la mirada de la autonomía de las migraciones]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cordero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mezzadra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Varela]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[América Latina en movimiento. Migraciones, límites y sus desbordamientos]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<page-range>159-90</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Resistencias. Análisis comparado de la acción colectiva frente a la guerra en Urabá y Oriente Antioqueño]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nómadas]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<numero>20</numero>
<issue>20</issue>
<page-range>102-10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García Estrada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Los extranjeros en Colombia: Su aporte a la construcción de la nación (1810-1920)]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Planeta]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Identidad y minorías musulmanas en Colombia]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad del Rosario]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Políticas públicas de la migración: Elementos a considerar para la administración del fenómeno migratorio en el pacífico colombiano]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Políticas públicas retos y desafíos para la gobernabilidad]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<page-range>129-54</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá D. C., Colombia ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ediciones USTA]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Içduygu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toktas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[How do smuggling and trafficking operate via irregular border crossings in the Middle East? Evidence from fieldwork in Turkey]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Migration]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>40</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>25-54</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khosravi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[&#8220;Illegal&#8221; Traveler: An Auto-Ethnography of Borders]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Nueva York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Palgrave Macmillan]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Levitt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Merry]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Vernacularization on the ground: local uses of global women&#8217;s rights in Peru, China, India and the United States]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Global Networks]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>441-61</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liberona Concha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Piñones Rivera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dilla Alfonso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[De la migración forzada al tráfico de migrantes: la migración clandestina en tránsito de Cuba hacia Chile]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Migraciones Internacionales]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>10.33679/rmi.v1i1.2319</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mainwaring]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[&#266;.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Migrant agency: Negotiating borders and migration controls]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Migration Studies]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>289-308</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mbembé]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Necropolitics]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Public Culture]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>11-40</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Monroy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El presente permanente. Por una antropografía de la violencia a partir del caso de Urabá, Colombia]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad del Rosario]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ocampo González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arboleda Cardona]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Colombia y los flujos mixtos de migrantes en el derecho internacional de los refugiados]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Opinión Jurídica]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>30</numero>
<issue>30</issue>
<page-range>93-108</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>ONU</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Convención de las Naciones Unidas contra la delincuencia organizada transnacional y sus protocolos]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Nueva York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[UNODC]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Palma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ascenso, proliferación, gestión y ¿control? Tráfico de migrantes a través de las fronteras de Colombia]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Molano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Fronteras en Colombia como zonas estratégicas: análisis y perspectivas]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<page-range>93-114</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto de Ciencia Política]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Papadopoulos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stephenson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tsianos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Escape routes: Control and subversion in the twenty-first century]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Londres ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Pluto Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mendoza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Perfil migratorio de Colombia 2012: OIM Colombia]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá, Colombia ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Organización Internacional para las Migraciones]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Real]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. del]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Seemingly inclusive liminal legality: The fragility and illegality production of Colombia&#8217;s legalization programmes for Venezuelan migrants]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>48</volume>
<numero>15</numero>
<issue>15</issue>
<page-range>3580-601</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ciudadanía y luchas migrantes. Debates desde la autonomía de las migraciones]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Reflexiones]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>100</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>188-207</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-Torrent]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gissi-Barbieri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Migración haitiana en Santiago de Chile: expulsiones, imaginarios e inserción social en un Estado-nación neoliberal]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Política, Globalidad y Ciudadanía]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>146-70</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rojas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Uribe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Necropolítica y migración. Colombia y sus dos caras en la gestión de flujos migratorios transnacionales y transcontinentales]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Necropolítica en América Latina]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<page-range>87-97</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Colombia ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[UNIANDES-Programa de Investigación de Política Exterior Colombiana]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rojas Pedemonte]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amode]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vásquez Rencoret]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Racismo y matrices de &#8220;inclusión&#8221; de la migración haitiana en Chile: elementos conceptuales y contextuales para la discusión]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Polis. Revista Latinoamericana]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>42</numero>
<issue>42</issue>
<page-range>217-45</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruiz Muriel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Álvarez Velasco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Excluir para proteger: la &#8220;guerra&#8221; contra la trata y el tráfico de migrantes y las nuevas lógicas de control migratorio en Ecuador]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Estudios Sociológicos]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>111</numero>
<issue>111</issue>
<page-range>689-725</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sanchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Rumors, encounters, collaborations, and survival: the migrant smuggling-drug trafficking Nexus in the U.S. southwest]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Sciences]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>676</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>135-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Slack]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[What makes a good human smuggler? The differences between satisfaction with and recommendation of coyotes on the U.S.-Mexico border]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>676</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>152-73</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Serje]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El revés de la nación: territorios salvajes, fronteras y tierras de nadie]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de los Andes]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Spener]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Clandestine crossings: Migrants and coyotes on the Texas Mexico border]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Ithaca, Nueva York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cornell University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torre]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Representaciones mediáticas y migración: análisis de discursos periodísticos respecto al coyotaje en la &#8220;crisis migratoria&#8221; de 2014]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Migración y Desarrollo]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>30</numero>
<issue>30</issue>
<page-range>157-78</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valenzuela]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ayudando a los chilangos: solidaridad, políticas, redes y subjetividades en Turbo (Antioquia)]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial de la Universidad del Rosario]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<source><![CDATA[El Colombiano]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<source><![CDATA[El Tiempo]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<source><![CDATA[Revista Semana]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
