<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0185-3325</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Salud mental]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Salud Ment]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0185-3325</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0185-33252024000300117</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2024.016</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Emotional and behavioral problems of Mexican preschoolers before and during the pandemic of COVID-19]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Problemas emocionales y conductuales de preescolares mexicanos antes y durante la pandemia de COVID-19]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Monjarás Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Teresa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Albores-Gallo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lilia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Facultad de Psicología Departamento Psicología Clínica y de la Salud]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Secretaría de Salud Hospital Psiquiátrico Infantil Dr. Juan N. Navarro, Servicios de Atención Psiquiátrica División de Investigación]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>47</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>117</fpage>
<lpage>125</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0185-33252024000300117&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0185-33252024000300117&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0185-33252024000300117&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction Identifying mental health problems in children is essential to preventing psychopathological problems in adolescence or adulthood and ensuring optimal development. It is important to take measures in this regard to support younger children, especially during the pandemic, which may result in emotional and behavioral problems. To this end, it is necessary to identify children&#8217;s current disorders.  Objective To identify and compare the emotional and behavioral profiles of Mexican preschoolers assessed in 2006 with those assessed in 2021 (during the pandemic), under the hypothesis that those evaluated in 2021 will present with greater depression, anxiety, sleep problems and inattention than those evaluated in 2006.  Method Total sample of 608 preschoolers, including the 2006 subsample consisting of 327 children and the 2021 subsample of 281. A descriptive cross-sectional design was used, together with The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL 1.5-5; Achenbach &amp; Rescorla, 2000).  Results Significant differences were found between the two groups. Preschoolers evaluated in 2021 (during the pandemic) showed an increase in sleep, attention, and anxiety problems. Moreover, significant changes were observed at the item level, in which the presence of certain indicators increased during the pandemic. These included: overeating, showing little interest in their surroundings, refusing to sleep alone, being nervous or tense, having nightmares, being anxious or scared, being afraid to try new things, problems speaking or pronouncing words, an inability to concentrate or pay attention for a long time, or sit still, and shifting quickly from one activity to another.  Discussion and conclusion Increases in sleep, attention, and anxiety problems were confirmed preschoolers assess in 2021 compare to 2006 group, a group that has barely been studied in terms of mental health effects during the pandemic. It is important to conduct epidemiological studies to evaluate the change in symptomatology in preschoolers and to measure the historical biases of an event such as COVID-19.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción Identificar los problemas de salud mental en la infancia es relevante para prevenir problemas psicopatológicos en la adolescencia o adultez y garantizar su desarrollo óptimo. Es importante tomar medidas al respecto para poder apoyar a los niños más pequeños, especialmente los niños que vivieron la pandemia SARS-CoV-2, de la que se pudieron derivar algunos problemas emocionales y conductuales. Para esto, es necesario conocer e identificar la afectación actual.  Objetivo Conocer y comparar los perfiles emocionales y de conducta en preescolares mexicanos evaluados en 2006 con los evaluados en 2021 (durante la pandemia SARS-CoV-2), teniendo como hipótesis que los evaluados en 2021 presentarán mayor depresión, ansiedad, problemas para dormir e inatención que los evaluados en 2006.  Método La muestra total fue de 608 preescolares, conformada por la muestra de 2006 consistió en 327 niños y la de 2021 en 281, se utilizó un diseño descriptivo transversal. Se utilizó el Inventario de Conductas Infantiles para preescolares CBCL 1.5-5 de Achenbach y Rescorla (2000).  Resultados . Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre las dos muestras, en la muestra evaluada en 2021 (durante la pandemia SARS-CoV-2) hubo un incremento en los problemas de sueño, atención y ansiedad, además se observaron cambios significativos por reactivos, donde la presencia de algunos indicadores aumentó durante la pandemia SARS-CoV-2, principalmente: come demasiado, muestra poco interés por su entorno, no quiere dormir solo, nervioso o tenso, pesadillas, demasiado ansioso o temeroso, miedo a probar cosas nuevas, problemas para hablar o pronunciar palabras, no puede concentrarse o mostrar atención por mucho tiempo, no puede quedarse quieto, se mueve rápidamente de una actividad a otra.  Discusión y conclusión . Se confirmó la presencia de aumentos en problemas para dormir, problemas de atención y ansiedad en una muestra de preescolares evaluados durante la pandemia (2021) comparada con una muestra evaluada en 2006 un grupo mucho menos estudiado en términos de los efectos de la salud mental durante la pandemia SARS-CoV-2. Es importante realizar estudios epidemiológicos que permitan evaluar el cambio de sintomatología en preescolares y evaluar los sesgos históricos de un evento como COVID-19.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Pandemic]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[preschoolers]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[effects]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[emotional]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[behavioral]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Pandemia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[preescolares]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[afectaciones]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[emocionales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[conductuales]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>898-900</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
