<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0185-3325</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Salud mental]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Salud Ment]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0185-3325</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0185-33252020000400151</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17711/sm.0185-3325.2020.021</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Impaired control in heavy drinking and its association with alcohol craving and alcohol use disorder severity]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Deterioro del control en el consumo excesivo de alcohol y su asociación con el deseo de consumo y la gravedad del trastorno por uso de alcohol]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Edén]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cruz Fuentes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benjet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Corina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Medina-Mora]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Elena]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz Dirección de Servicios Clínicos ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz Dirección de Investigaciones Epidemiológicas y Psicosociales ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz Centro de Investigación en Salud Mental Global ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>43</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>151</fpage>
<lpage>157</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0185-33252020000400151&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0185-33252020000400151&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0185-33252020000400151&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction Impaired control over drinking has been frequently cited in diverse theoretical descriptions regarding harmful alcohol use and is considered a DSM criterion for alcohol use disorder. Differences in the frequency of endorsement of impaired control have been viewed as a reflection of the severity of the problem. Moreover, it has been posited that the ability to place a limit on alcohol consumption may be mediated through enhanced craving.  Objective In this study, we addressed the relationship between impaired control, self-reported craving, and alcohol dependence severity among heavy drinkers.  Method We conducted a latent class analysis of impaired control dimensions (perceived control, failed control, and attempted control) of 208 heavy drinkers. To determine whether the identified classes could represent different forms of severity of the disorder, the best-fit model was contrasted with scores on the Alcohol Dependence Scale. Furthermore, we assessed the relationship between impaired control criteria (using the Impaired Control Scale [ICS]) with alcohol craving.  Results We identified a three-class solution based on impaired control severity. A graded increase of the craving scores and alcohol severity among the three classes was also identified. Only the ICS items comprising perceived control and partially those related to failed control, but not those evaluating attempted control, distinguished the gradient among the latent classes.  Discussion and conclusion This study provides further support of the proposal of a unidimensional continuum of severity among heavy drinkers and strengthens the theoretical relationship between impaired control and alcohol craving.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción El deterioro del control sobre el consumo del alcohol se ha mencionado con frecuencia en diversas descripciones teóricas relativas al uso nocivo y es un criterio clínico del DSM para el trastorno por uso de alcohol. Las diferencias en la frecuencia con que se admite el deterioro del control se han considerado como un reflejo de la gravedad del problema. Además, se ha postulado que la capacidad de poner un límite al consumo de alcohol puede estar mediada por el deseo de consumirlo (craving).  Objetivo En este estudio se abordó la relación entre el deterioro del control, el autoreporte del craving y la gravedad de la dependencia del alcohol en un grupo de bebedores fuertes.  Método Se realizó un análisis de clases latentes usando las dimensiones del deterioro del control (control percibido, control fallido e intento de control) de 208 bebedores fuertes. Para determinar si las clases identificadas podían representar diferentes formas de gravedad del trastorno se contrastó el modelo más adecuado con las puntuaciones de la Escala de Dependencia del Alcohol. Además, se evaluó la relación entre los criterios de deterioro del control (utilizando la Escala de Control Deficiente, ECD) y el craving.  Resultados Identificamos una solución de tres clases basada en la gravedad del deterioro de control. En esa solución se identificó una relación con el aumento graduado de las puntuaciones de craving y la gravedad de la dependencia entre las clases. Sólo los elementos de la ECD que comprenden el control percibido y parcialmente los relacionados con el control fallido, pero no los que evalúan el intento de control, distinguieron el gradiente entre las clases latentes.  Discusión y conclusión Este estudio proporciona más apoyo a la propuesta de un continuum unidimensional de gravedad entre los usuarios de alcohol y refuerza la relación teórica entre el fenómeno de deterioro del control y el craving.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Alcoholism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[alcohol-related disorders]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[craving]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[executive function]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Alcoholismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[trastornos relacionados con el alcohol]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[craving]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[funciones ejecutivas]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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