<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0185-3309</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de fitopatología]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. fitopatol]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0185-3309</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Fitopatología A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0185-33092024000400009</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18781/r.mex.fit.2024-28</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Control in vitro of Neopestalotiopsis sp. isolated from strawberry by Trichoderma and commercial fungicides]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Control in vitro de Neopestalotiopsis sp. aislada de fresa empleando Trichoderma y fungicidas comerciales]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olivares-Rodriguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gabriela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Angeles-Núñez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan Gabriel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mondragón-Rojas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francisco]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rivas-Valencia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Patricia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zárate-Castrejón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Luis]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mariscal-Amaro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luis Antonio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz-Espino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luis Febronio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez-Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Talina Olivia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Politécnica de Guanajuato  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Guanajuato]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Guanajuato]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Politécnica de Guanajuato  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Guanajuato]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Texcoco ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Guanajuato  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Guanajuato]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af6">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Guanajuato]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af7">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Guanajuato]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af8">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Guanajuato]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>42</volume>
<numero>spe</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0185-33092024000400009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0185-33092024000400009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0185-33092024000400009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT   Background/Objective. The fungi Neopestalotiopsis sp. is an emerging pathogen that can cause losses of more than 70 % of production in strawberry crops. Due to this situation, is necessary to evaluate and implement control methods with low ecological impact. The objective of this work was evaluated the inhibitory growth of Neopestalotiopsis sp. using antagonist strains of Trichoderma sp. and fungicides used locally in the Bajio of Guanajuato, México.  Materials and Methods. The pathogen was isolated in strawberry symptomatic plants. The morphological and pathogenicity characterization of the isolate was carried out. The Trichoderma strains were obtained from the biological collection of the National Forestry, Agricultural and Livestock Institute (INIFAP), Bajio Experimental Field (CEBAJ), and were confront in dual cultures with the pathogen, the percentage of radial growth inhibition (PRGI) was calculated at 120 h. In addition, five commercial fungicides were added to the growth medium and was calculated the growth diameter of the fungus.  Results. The PRGI by Trichoderma were observed in a range of 63 to 70 %. The mechanisms of parasitism for Trichoderma were curling, adhesion and lysis to the pathogen hypha. The T1 strain was the greatest potential for controlling the pathogen, followed by T5 and T7. Three fungicides, Tecobenazole (100 mL 100 L-1), Cinnamon and Neem extract (500 mL 100 L-1), and Peracetic Acid (25 mL 100 L-1) had 100 % inhibited of fungal growth.  Conclusion. These results contribute to the knowledge on the control of Neopestalotiopsis sp. with the application of Trichoderma and the authorized products in Mexico]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen:  Antecedentes/Objetivo. El hongo Neopestalotiopsis sp. es un patógeno emergente que puede ocasionar pérdidas superiores al 70 % en el cultivo de fresa. Debido a esta situación, se busca implementar métodos de control de bajo impacto ecológico. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto inhibitorio de cepas de Trichoderma sp. y de fungicidas empleados en el Bajío de Guanajuato, México, sobre el crecimiento de Neopestalotiopsis sp. Materiales y Métodos. El patógeno se aisló de plantas de fresa sintomáticas. Se realizó la caracterización morfológica y de patogenicidad del aislado. Las cepas de Trichoderma se obtuvieron de la colección biológica del Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias Campo Experimental Bajío (CEBAJ) y se confrontaron en cultivos duales con el patógeno, se determinó el porcentaje de inhibición del crecimiento radial (PICR) a las 120 h. Además, se evaluó el efecto de cinco fungicidas comerciales, que se agregaron al medio de crecimiento, sobre el diámetro de crecimiento del hongo.  Resultados. Se obtuvo PICR en un intervalo de 63 al 70 %. El mecanismo de parasitismo de Trichoderma fue por enrollamiento, adhesión y lisis a las hifas del patógeno. La cepa T1 fue la que presentó mayor potencial para el control del patógeno, seguido de T5 y T7. Tres fungicidas comerciales, Tebuconazol (100 mL 100 L-1), Extracto de Canela y Neem (500 mL 100 L-1), y el Ácido Peracético (25 mL 100 L-1) inhibieron completamente el crecimiento del hongo.  Conclusión. Estos resultados contribuyen al conocimiento sobre el control de Neopestalotiopsis sp. con la aplicación de Trichoderma y los productos autorizados en México.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Growth inhibition]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[beneficial microorganisms]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pathogens strawberry]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cinnamon-Neem Extract]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Peracetic Acid]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Inhibición de crecimiento fúngico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[microorganismos benéficos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[patógenos de fresa]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Extracto de Canela-Neem]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Ácido Peracético]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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