<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0185-3309</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de fitopatología]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. fitopatol]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0185-3309</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Fitopatología A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0185-33092021000400009</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18781/r.mex.fit.2021-4</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Chlorine and its importance in the inactivation of bacteria, can it inactivate viruses?]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[El cloro y su importancia en la inactivación de bacterias, ¿Puede inactivar virus?]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñoz-Castellanos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Laila Nayzzel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Borrego-Loya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alejandra]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villalba-Bejarano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cindy Viviana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González-Escobedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Román]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Orduño-Cruz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nuvia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villezcas-Villegas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Grisel Paloma]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-Roque]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Janeth]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Avila-Quezada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Graciela Dolores]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vargas-Arispuro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Irasema]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Chihuahua ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C.  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Hermosillo Sonora]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>39</volume>
<numero>spe</numero>
<fpage>198</fpage>
<lpage>206</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0185-33092021000400009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0185-33092021000400009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0185-33092021000400009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract. Sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and its active ingredient, hypochlorous acid (HClO), are the most widely used chlorine-based disinfectants. HClO is a fast-acting antimicrobial that interacts with many biomolecules, including amino acids, lipids, nucleic acids, and sulfur-containing membrane components, causing cell damage. In this review, we present examples of the effectiveness of chlorine in general disinfection procedures to inactivate bacteria and, under some conditions, bacteria in biofilms and viruses.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen. El hipoclorito de sodio (NaClO) y su ingrediente activo, el ácido hipocloroso (HClO), son los desinfectantes a base de cloro más utilizados a nivel mundial. El HClO es un antimicrobiano de acción rápida que interactúa con muchas biomoléculas, como aminoácidos, lípidos, ácidos nucleicos y componentes de la membrana que contienen azufre, causando daño celular. En esta revisión se exponen ejemplos de la efectividad del cloro en procedimientos generales de desinfección, para inactivar bacterias, y bajo ciertas condiciones bacterias en biopelículas y virus.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Bacteria]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pathogen inactivation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[virus.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Bacterias]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[inactivación de patógenos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[virus.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Avila-Quezada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gardea-Béjar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Acedo-Félix]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli: survival and growth in plant tissue]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>47-55</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Avila-Quezada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñoz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villalobos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Diagnosis of the microbiological quality of fruits and vegetables in Chihuahua, Mexico]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Phyton International Journal of Experimental Botany]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>77</volume>
<page-range>129-36</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barrette]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Albrich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hurst]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Hypochlorous acid-promoted loss of metabolic energy in Escherichia coli]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Infection and Immunity]]></source>
<year>1987</year>
<volume>55</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>2518-25</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Campagna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MV]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Faure-Kumar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Treger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cushman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grogan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kasahara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lawson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Factors in the selection of surface disinfectants for use in a laboratory animal setting]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>55</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>175-88</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ding]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effectiveness of hypochlorous acid to reduce the biofilms on titanium alloy surfaces in vitro]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Molecular Sciences]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>1161</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AWH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JTS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MRA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hui]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KPY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H-L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MCW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peiris]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Poon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LML]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Stability of SARS-CoV2 in different environmental conditions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Lancet Microbe]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Da Cruz Nizer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Inkovskiy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Overhage]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Surviving reactive chlorine stress: Responses of gram-negative bacteria to hypochlorous acid]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Microorganisms]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>1220</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dever]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wainwright]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kennedy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Spickett]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Fatty acid and phospholipid chlorohydrins cause cell stress and endothelial adhesion]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Acta Biochimica Polonica]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>53</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>761-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duizer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bijkerk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rockx]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Groot]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Twisk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Koopmans]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Inactivation of caliciviruses]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Applied and Environmental Microbiology]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>70</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>4538-43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fukuzaki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mechanisms of actions of sodium hypochlorite in cleaning and disinfection processes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biocontrol Science]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>147-57</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ghernaout]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Microorganisms&#8217; electrochemical disinfection phenomena]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[EC Microbiology]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<page-range>160-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MI]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Selma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MV]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Suslow]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jacxsens]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Uyttendaele]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Allende]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pre-and postharvest preventive measures and intervention strategies to control microbial food safety hazards of fresh leafy vegetables]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>55</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>453-68</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hirneisen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kniel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Inactivation of internalized and Surface contaminated enteric viruses in green onions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Food Microbiology]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>166</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>201-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hulkower]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Casanova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rutala]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weber]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Inactivation of surrogate coronaviruses on hard surfaces by health care germicides]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[American Journal of Infection Control]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>401-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kampf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Todt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pfaender]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Steinmann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Persistence of coronaviruses on inanimate surfaces and their inactivation with biocidal agents]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Hospital Infection]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>104</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>246-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kiamco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zmuda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mohamed]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Call]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Raval]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beyenal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Hypochlorous-acid-generating electrochemical scaffold for treatment of wound biofilms]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Scientific Reports]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<page-range>2683</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kingsley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vincent]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meade]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Watson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Inactivation of human norovirus using chemical sanitizers]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Food Microbiology]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>171</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>94-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lafaurie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GI]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calderón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zaror]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Millán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LV]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ácido Hipocloroso: una nueva alternativa como agente antimicrobiano y para la proliferación celular para uso en odontología]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Odontostomatology]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>475-81</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shih]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ko]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hsueh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): The epidemic and the challenges]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>55</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>105924</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Q]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xue]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yew]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PYM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Owh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Loh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[XJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sanitizing agents for virus inactivation and disinfection]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[View]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maris]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Virucidal efficacy of eight disinfectants against pneumovirus, coronavirus and parvovirus]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Annals of Veterinary Research]]></source>
<year>1989</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>275-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Molina-Chavarria]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Félix-Valenzuela]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silva-Campa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mata-Haro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evaluation of gamma irradiation for human norovirus inactivation and its effect on strawberry cells]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Food Microbiology]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>330</volume>
<numero>108695</numero>
<issue>108695</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nussbaumer-Streit]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mayr]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dobrescu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AI]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chapman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Persad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Klerings]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wagner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Siebert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ledinger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zachariah]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gartlehner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Quarantine alone or in combination with other public health measures to control COVID&#8208;19: a rapid review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<page-range>1-77</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Guía para uso de cloro en desinfección de frutas y hortalizas de consumo fresco, equipos y superficies en establecimientos]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Oirsa]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Owoseni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Okoh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evidence of emerging challenge of chlorine tolerance of Enterococcus species recovered from wastewater treatment plants]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Biodeterioration &amp; Biodegradation]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>120</volume>
<page-range>216-23</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sanghvi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Malik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khachemoune]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Back to the basics: Diluted bleach for COVID-19]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>83</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>279-80</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Radovic-Moreno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Puscasu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yoon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Langer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Farokhzad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[OC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Surface charge-switching polymeric nanoparticles for bacterial cell wall-targeted delivery of antibiotics]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[ACS Nano]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>4279-87</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Riddell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goldie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hill]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eagles]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Drew]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The effect of temperature on persistence of SARS-CoV-2 on common surfaces]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Virology Journal]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<page-range>145</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sam]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HK]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The role of hypochlorous acid as one of the reactive oxygen species in periodontal disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Dental Sciences]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<page-range>45-54</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sattar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Microbicides and the environmental control of nosocomial viral infections]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Hospital Infection]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>56</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>64-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Spickett]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jerlich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Panasenko]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[OM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arnhold]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pitt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stelmaszyñska]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schaur]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The reactions of hypochlorous acid, the reactive oxygen species produced by myeloperoxidase, with lipids]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Acta Biochimica Polonica]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>47</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>889-99</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torres-Armendáriz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Manjarrez-Domínguez CB]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Acosta-Muñiz CH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guerrero-Prieto VM]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Parra-Quezada RA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Noriega-Orozco LO]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ávila-Quezada GD]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Interactions between Escherichia coli O157:H7 and food plants. Has this bacterium developed internalization mechanisms?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mexican Journal of Phytopathology]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>64-83</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Van Doremalen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bushmaker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morris]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Holbrook]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gamble]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Williamson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tamin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harcourt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thornburg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gerber]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SI]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lloyd-Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JO]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wit]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Munster]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Aerosol and surface stability of SARS-CoV-2 as compared with SARS-CoV-1]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The New England Journal of Medicine]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>382</volume>
<page-range>1564-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Luo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jacangelo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schwab]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Assessment and speciation of chlorine demand in fresh-cut produce wash water]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Food Control]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>60</volume>
<page-range>543-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>WHO</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cleaning and disinfection of environmental surfaces in the context of COVID-19]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[World Health Organization]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>WHO</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Water, sanitation, hygiene and waste management for COVID-19: technical brief, 03 March 2020]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[World Health Organization]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Williams]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Braun-Howland]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EB]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Growth of Escherichia coli in model distribution system biofilms exposed to hypochlorous acid or monochloramine]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Applied and Environmental Microbiology]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>69</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>5463-71</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zoffoli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Latorre]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Daire]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Viertel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Efectividad del dióxido de cloro, en función de la concentración, pH y tiempo de exposición en el control de Botrytis cinerea, Penicillium expansum y Rhizopus stolonifer]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ciencia e Investigación Agraria]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>181-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
