<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0185-1918</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de ciencias políticas y sociales]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. cienc. polít. soc]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0185-1918</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0185-19182021000200063</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22201/fcpys.2448492xe.2021.242.79327</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Covid-19 as an Immune Event. Multiple Irritation Scenarios beyond Western Modernizations]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Covid-19 como evento inmune. Múltiples escenarios de irritación más allá de las modernizaciones occidentales]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Preyer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gerhard]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krausse]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Reuss-Markus]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Frankfurt  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Germany</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Goethe University  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Germany</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>66</volume>
<numero>242</numero>
<fpage>63</fpage>
<lpage>84</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0185-19182021000200063&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0185-19182021000200063&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0185-19182021000200063&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT This contribution formulates theses on the ongoing interpretation of the self-irritation of societal communication and membership in social systems that are triggered by the observable pandemic. The article reconceptualizes immune events of societal communication from a sociological membership point of view. This is a feature of the continuation of the third research program of multiple modernities (Eisenstadt) in sociological theory. Based on the Covid-19 virus as an immune event, five theses are put forward that address relevant aspects of contemporary society. They concern: 1) the criticism of the traditional semantics of the concept of &#8220;crisis&#8221; and its replacement by the immune events of membership systems; 2) the global solution to the virus problem that cannot be expected and what follows from it; 3) the consequences of the different solutions of the virus problem, especially for Germany; 4) the struggle of nation-states regarding the availability of the vaccine; and 5) the consequence for the sociology of membership, as well as the function of protest communication. The conclusion and the outlook address fundamental problems that sociological theory should take into account. It is central to point out that without limited negations (immune events) social evolution cannot be restabilized.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN La presente contribución formula una serie de tesis sobre la interpretación, aún en curso, de la autoirritación de la comunicación social y la membresía en sistemas sociales desencadenadas por la pandemia observada. Reconceptualiza eventos inmunes de comunicación social partiendo de la membresía sociológica. Esto es una característica de la continuación del tercer programa de investigación de múltiples modernidades (Eisenstadt) en la teoría sociológica. Con base en el virus Covid-19 como evento inmune, se presentan cinco tesis que tratan aspectos relevantes de la sociedad contemporánea. Éstos son: 1) la crítica a la semántica tradicional del concepto de &#8220;crisis&#8221; y su sustitución por los eventos inmunes de los sistemas de membresía; 2) la solución global al problema del virus que no puede esperarse y las conclusiones que proceden; 3) las consecuencias de las distintas soluciones al problema del virus, especialmente en Alemania; 4) la lucha de los Estados nación para obtener la vacuna, y 5) las consecuencias para la sociología de la membresía y la función de la comunicación de protesta la conclusión y la perspectiva tratan problemas fundamentales que la teoría sociológica debe considerar. Es indispensable señalar que sin negaciones limitadas (eventos inmunes) no se puede reestabilizar la evolución social.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[multiple modernities]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[glocalization]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[contemporary sociology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[self-observation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[societal communication, membership sociology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[membership order]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[múltiples modernidades]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[glocalización]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Covid-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sociología contemporánea]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[autoobservación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[comunicación social]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sociología de la membresía]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[orden de membresía]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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