<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0035-001X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de física]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. fis.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0035-001X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Física]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0035-001X2012000300005</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Neutron absorbed dose in a pacemaker CMOS]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Borja-Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guzmán-García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valero-Luna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bañuelos-Frías]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paredes-Gutiérrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández-Dávila]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vega-Carrillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas Unidad Académica de Estudios Nucleares ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Zacatecas Zac.]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2012</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2012</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>58</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>195</fpage>
<lpage>197</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0035-001X2012000300005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0035-001X2012000300005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0035-001X2012000300005&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[The neutron spectrum and the absorbed dose in a Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor, has been estimated using Monte Carlo methods. Eventually a person with a pacemaker becomes an oncology patient that must be treated in a linear accelerator. Pacemaker has integrated circuits as CMOS that are sensitive to intense and pulsed radiation fields. Above 7 MV therapeutic beam is contaminated with photoneutrons that could damage the CMOS. Here, the neutron spectrum and the absorbed dose in a CMOS cell was calculated, also the spectra were calculated in two point-like detectors in the room. Neutron spectrum in the CMOS cell shows a small peak between 0.1 to 1 MeV and a larger peak in the thermal region, joined by epithermal neutrons, same features were observed in the point-like detectors. The absorbed dose in the CMOS was 1:522 x 10-17 Gy per neutron emitted by the source.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[El espectro y la dosis absorbida, debida a neutrones, por un Semiconductor de Óxido MetaÂ´lico Complementario ha sido estimada utilizando métodos Monte Carlo. Eventualmente, una persona con marcapasos se convierte en un paciente oncológico que debe ser tratado en un acelerador lineal. El marcapasos contiene circuitos integrados como los CMOS que son sensibles a los campos de radiaci ón intensos y pulsados. El haz terapéutico de un LINAC operando a voltajes mayores a 7 MV está contaminado con fotoneutrones que pueden dañar el CMOS. En este trabajo se estimó el espectro de neutrones y la dosis absorbida por un CMOS; además, se calcularon los espectros de neutrones en dos detectores puntuales ubicados dentro de la sala. El espectro de neutrones en el CMOS tiene un pico entre 0.1 y 1 MeV y otro en la región de los térmicos, conectados mediante neutrones epitérmicos. Estas mismas características se observan en los otros detectores. La dosis absorbida por el CMOS es 1:522 x 10-17 Gy por cada neutrón emitido por el término fuente.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Pacemaker]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[CMOS]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[radiotherapy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[neutrons]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Monte Carlo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Marcapasos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[CMOS]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[radioterapia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[neutrones]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Monte Carlo]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="4">F&iacute;sica de la radiaci&oacute;n</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>Neutron absorbed dose in a pacemaker CMOS</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>C.G. Borja&#45;Hern&aacute;ndez, K.A. Guzm&aacute;n&#45;Garc&iacute;a, C. Valero&#45;Luna, A. Ba&ntilde;uelos&#45;Fr&iacute;as, L. Paredes&#45;Guti&eacute;rrez<sup>a</sup>, V.M. Hern&aacute;ndez&#45;D&aacute;vila, and H.R. Vega&#45;Carrillo</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i>Unidad Acad&eacute;mica de Estudios Nucleares Universidad Aut&oacute;noma de Zacatecas C. Cipr&eacute;s 10, Fracc. La Pe&ntilde;uela, 98068 Zacatecas, Zac.</i></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i><sup>a</sup> Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, Carretera M&eacute;xico&#45;Toluca </i> <a href="mailto:fermineutron@yahoo.com">fermineutron@yahoo.com</a></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Recibido el 3 de junio de 2011;    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<br> aceptado el 8 de febrero de 2012</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Abstract</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">The neutron spectrum and the absorbed dose in a Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor, has been estimated using Monte Carlo methods. Eventually a person with a pacemaker becomes an oncology patient that must be treated in a linear accelerator. Pacemaker has integrated circuits as CMOS that are sensitive to intense and pulsed radiation fields. Above 7 MV therapeutic beam is contaminated with photoneutrons that could damage the CMOS. Here, the neutron spectrum and the absorbed dose in a CMOS cell was calculated, also the spectra were calculated in two point&#45;like detectors in the room. Neutron spectrum in the CMOS cell shows a small peak between 0.1 to 1 MeV and a larger peak in the thermal region, joined by epithermal neutrons, same features were observed in the point&#45;like detectors. The absorbed dose in the CMOS was 1:522 x 10<sup>&#45;17</sup> Gy per neutron emitted by the source.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Keywords:</b> Pacemaker; CMOS; radiotherapy; neutrons; Monte Carlo.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Resumen</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">El espectro y la dosis absorbida, debida a neutrones, por un Semiconductor de &Oacute;xido MetaÂ´lico Complementario ha sido estimada utilizando m&eacute;todos Monte Carlo. Eventualmente, una persona con marcapasos se convierte en un paciente oncol&oacute;gico que debe ser tratado en un acelerador lineal. El marcapasos contiene circuitos integrados como los CMOS que son sensibles a los campos de radiaci &oacute;n intensos y pulsados. El haz terap&eacute;utico de un LINAC operando a voltajes mayores a 7 MV est&aacute; contaminado con fotoneutrones que pueden da&ntilde;ar el CMOS. En este trabajo se estim&oacute; el espectro de neutrones y la dosis absorbida por un CMOS; adem&aacute;s, se calcularon los espectros de neutrones en dos detectores puntuales ubicados dentro de la sala. El espectro de neutrones en el CMOS tiene un pico entre 0.1 y 1 MeV y otro en la regi&oacute;n de los t&eacute;rmicos, conectados mediante neutrones epit&eacute;rmicos. Estas mismas caracter&iacute;sticas se observan en los otros detectores. La dosis absorbida por el CMOS es 1:522 x 10<sup>&#45;17</sup> Gy por cada neutr&oacute;n emitido por el t&eacute;rmino fuente.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Descriptores:</b> Marcapasos, CMOS, radioterapia, neutrones, Monte Carlo.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">PACS: 87.19.Hh; 07.50.Ek; 87.56.&#45;v; 14.20.Dh; 87.55.K&#45;.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><a href="/pdf/rmf/v58n3/v58n3a5.pdf" target="_blank">DESCARGAR ART&Iacute;CULO EN FORMATO PDF</a></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>References</b></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">1. W.H. Maisel, M. Moynahan, B.D. Zuckerman, T.P. Gross, O.H. Tovar, D. Tillman, D.B. 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<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maisel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moynahan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zuckerman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gross]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tovar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tillman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
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