<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0035-001X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de física]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. fis.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0035-001X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Física]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0035-001X2008000200007</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Making hidden symmetries obvious]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torres del Castillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.F]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calvario Acócal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.L]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Puebla Instituto de Ciencias Departamento de Física Matemática]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Puebla Pue]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Puebla Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Puebla Pue]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2008</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2008</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>54</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>127</fpage>
<lpage>129</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0035-001X2008000200007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0035-001X2008000200007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0035-001X2008000200007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[It is shown that the Hamiltonian of a particle in a uniform gravitational field which possesses a constant of motion not related to transformations in the configuration space, can be expressed in a system of canonical coordinates such that a maximal set of independent constants of motion follows from the existence of ignorable coordinates.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Se muestra que la hamiltoniana de una partícula en un campo gravitacional uniforme, la cual posee una constante de movimiento no relacionada con transformaciones en el espacio de configuración, puede expresarse en un sistema de coordenadas canónicas tal que un conjunto máximo de constantes de movimiento sigue de la existencia de coordenadas ignorables.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Hidden symmetries]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Hamiltonian formalism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Simetrías ocultas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[formalismo hamiltoniano]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="4">Investigaci&oacute;n</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="4"><b>Making hidden symmetries obvious</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="center"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>G.F. Torres del Castillo*, J.L. Calvario Ac&oacute;cal**</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i>* Departamento de F&iacute;sica Matem&aacute;tica, Instituto de Ciencias, Universidad Aut&oacute;noma de Puebla, </i><i>72570 Puebla, Pue., M&eacute;xico.</i></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><i>** Facultad de Ciencias F&iacute;sico Matem&aacute;ticas, Universidad Aut&oacute;noma de Puebla, Apartado Postal 1152, 72001 Puebla, Pue., Mexico.</i></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Recibido el 12 de septiembre de 2007    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<br> Aceptado el 21 de febrero de 2008</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Abstract</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">It is shown that the Hamiltonian of a particle in a uniform gravitational field which possesses a constant of motion not related to transformations in the configuration space, can be expressed in a system of canonical coordinates such that a maximal set of independent constants of motion follows from the existence of ignorable coordinates.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Keywords:  </b>Hidden symmetries; Hamiltonian formalism.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Resumen</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">Se muestra que la hamiltoniana de una part&iacute;cula en un campo gravitacional uniforme, la cual posee una constante de movimiento no relacionada con transformaciones en el espacio de configuraci&oacute;n, puede expresarse en un sistema de coordenadas can&oacute;nicas tal que un conjunto m&aacute;ximo de constantes de movimiento sigue de la existencia de coordenadas ignorables.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Descriptores:   </b>Simetr&iacute;as ocultas; formalismo hamiltoniano. </font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">PACS: 45.20.Jj; 03.65.&#150;w; 02.20.Qs</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><a href="/pdf/rmf/v54n2/v54n2a7.pdf">DESCARGAR ART&Iacute;CULO EN FORMATO PDF</a></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>Acknowledgment</b></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">The authors wish to thank Dr. M. Montesinos for useful discussions.</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">&nbsp;</font></p>     <p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2"><b>References</b></font></p>     <!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">1. G.F. Torres del Castillo and G. Mendoza Torres, <i>Rev. Mex. Fis. </i><b>49</b> (2003) 445.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8397683&pid=S0035-001X200800020000700001&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">2. M.G. Calkin, <i>Lagrangian and Hamiltonian Mechanics, </i>(World Scientific, Singapore, 1996), Chap. V.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8397684&pid=S0035-001X200800020000700002&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">3.&nbsp; V.I. Arnold, <i>Mathematical Methods of Classical Mechanics, </i>2nd ed. (Springer, New York, 1989), &sect;20.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8397685&pid=S0035-001X200800020000700003&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">4. H. Hochstadt, <i>The Functions of Mathematical Physics, </i>(Wiley&#150;Interscience, New York, 1971, reprinted by Dover, New York, 1986), Chap. 8.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8397686&pid=S0035-001X200800020000700004&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><!-- ref --><p align="justify"><font face="verdana" size="2">5. R.L. Bishop and R.J. Crittenden, <i>Geometry of Manifolds, </i>(Academic Press, New York, 1964, reprinted by American Mathematical Society, Providence, Rhode Island, 2001), Sec. 1.4.</font>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=8397687&pid=S0035-001X200800020000700005&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --> ]]></body><back>
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</article>
