Properties and applications of porous glasses from foamed glasses and gel–derived glasses to allophanes
T. Woignierª, b,*, Adil Hafidi Alaouib, Juan Primeraª,c, and Jean Phalippouª
ª Laboratoire des colloïdes, verres et nanocomposite du CNRS, Montpellier, France
b IRD –Pole de Recherche Agronomique de la Martinique, Le Lamentin, France
c Departamento de fisica, FEC, L UZ. Maracaibo, Venezuela
]]> *. Corresponding author:
Recibido el 24 de noviembre de 2003
Aceptado el 12 de octubre de 2004
Abstract
Porous glasses can be synthesised by different methods: in the conventional ways such as foaming (foamed glasses) or phase separation and leaching process leading to the Vycor glass, and also by the sol–gel method (sintered xerogel and aerogel), or by geological alteration process of volcanic materials (allophanes). In this paper we will discuss different features of these porous materials related to their properties, and their possible applications such as biomaterials (foamed glasses), host matrices for nuclear wastes (Vycor and sintered gels), precursors for special glasses (xerogels and aerogels), and mitigation of the greenhouse gases by carbon sequestration (allophanes).
]]> Keywords: Porous glasses, sol gel process, allophanes.
Resumen
Los vidrios porosos pueden sintetizarse por diferentes vías: por las tradicionales, tales como el espumado (vidrios espumosos) o la separación de fase seguida de lixiviación, (con lo que se produce el vidrio Vycor), y también mediante otras de desarrollo más reciente como el método sol–gel (geles) o de procesos de alteración geológicas de materiales volcánicos (alofanos). En este artículo discutimos diferentes características de estos materiales porosos y la relación de éstas con sus propiedades y las posibles aplicaciones como biomateriales (vidrios espumosos), matrices de almacenamiento para desechos nucleares (Vycor y geles), precursores de vidrios especiales (xerogeles y aerogeles), y en la disminución del efecto invernadero por secuestración de carbón (alofanos).
Descriptores: Vidrios porosos, sol gel proceso, alofanos.
PACS: 61.43.Gt; 62.20.Dc; 62.25.+g; 82.33.Ln
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