<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0034-8376</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de investigación clínica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. invest. clín.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0034-8376</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0034-83762023000100037</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24875/ric.22000257</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Low Expression of E-Cadherin and Cdh1 Variants Associated with Diffuse Gastric Cancer]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Ruvalcaba]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Azaria]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vázquez-Ibarra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Katia C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Magaña-Torres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[C. Rizo de-la-Torre]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lourdes del]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meléndez-Aranda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lennon]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López-Armas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gabriela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cruz-Ramos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peregrina-Sandoval]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jorge]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Espinoza-Jiménez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Esther]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rosales-Gradilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez-López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Josefina Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Western Biomedical Research Center ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Guadalajara Jal.]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Guadalajara Doctorate Programme in Human Genetics ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Guadalajara Jal.]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Industrial Technical Education Center  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Guadalajara Jal.]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Jalisco Institute of Cancerology Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Guadalajara Jal.]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,University Center for Biological and Agricultural Sciences  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Guadalajara Jal.]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af6">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social General Regional Hospital 110 Department of Pathology]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Guadalajara Jal.]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af7">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social National Western Medical Center Department of Pathology]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Guadalajara Jal.]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>02</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>02</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>75</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>37</fpage>
<lpage>44</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0034-83762023000100037&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0034-83762023000100037&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0034-83762023000100037&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Background Reduced or null expression of E-cadherin protein is a frequent cause of diffuse gastric cancer (DGC). More than 50% of patients with DGC present somatic variants in CDH1 gene.  Objectives The objectives of this study were to study E-cadherin expression and identify variants in the CDH1 gene in gastric tumors of patients with DGC.  Methods We studied 18 Mexican DGC patients who attended a hospital of the Mexican Social Security Institute; E-cadherin expression was determined by immunohistochemistry, and variants were identified by Sanger sequencing in promoter and coding regions. Predictive analysis was performed using PolyPhen-2 and HOPE software.  Results We found that 56% of DGC patients showed reduced expression of E-cadherin. All patients carried CDH1 variants; overall, 12 different CDH1 variants were identified. Predictive analysis revealed that the rs114265540 variant was probably damaging, with a value of 0.985, indicating a functional impact on the E-cadherin protein. Variants rs34939176 and rs33964119 were identified as risk factors for DGC (odds' ratios [OR] = 31.3, 95% CI 6.3-154.0, p &lt; 0.001; OR = 6.1, 95% CI 2.0-19.0, p &lt; 0.001, respectively) given their elevated frequency and by comparing it with those reported for MXL population in the 1000 Genomes Project database.  Conclusions In this Mexican population, the percentage of diffuse gastric tumors with reduced expression of E-cadherin was similar to that reported in other populations. All gastric tumors of DGC patients studied had somatic CDH1 gene variants; however, the rs114265540, rs34939176, and rs33964119 variants were importantly related to DGC.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Diffuse gastric cancer]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Gastric tumors]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Immunohistochemistry]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[CDH1 variants]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[E-cadherin]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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