<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0028-3746</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Neumología y cirugía de tórax]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Neumol. cir. torax]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0028-3746</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Neumología y Cirugía de Tórax; Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas; Sociedad Cubana de Neumología; Sociedad Paraguaya de Neumología; Sociedad Boliviana de Neumología.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0028-37462025000100003</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24875/nct.m25000003</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Mucormicosis pulmonar: manejo quirúrgico en un instituto nacional de salud de México]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Pulmonary mucormycosis: surgical management at a national health institute in México]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vega-Vivar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Raúl D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vázquez-Minero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Iñiguez-García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marco A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mezquita-Bocanegra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Diana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castro-Santamaría]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Edgar]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>84</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>11</fpage>
<lpage>15</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0028-37462025000100003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0028-37462025000100003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0028-37462025000100003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Antecedentes: La mucormicosis pulmonar es una infección fúngica oportunista y potencialmente mortal que afecta a individuos inmunocomprometidos. Su incidencia ha aumentado recientemente, siendo la tercera forma más común tras la rino-orbito-cerebral y la cutánea. Su rápida progresión dificulta el diagnóstico temprano y empeora el pronóstico. Factores de riesgo clave incluyen neoplasias hematológicas, trasplante de órganos sólidos, diabetes mellitus y el uso de corticosteroides durante la COVID-19.  Objetivo: Describir las características clínicas, radiológicas y terapéuticas de pacientes con mucormicosis pulmonar atendidos en un centro de referencia nacional e identificar factores asociados a su evolución y mortalidad.  Método: Estudio retrospectivo realizado en el Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias de México. Se analizaron nueve casos confirmados entre 2022 y 2024. El tratamiento incluyó antifúngicos como anfotericina B e isavuconazol en casos seleccionados, además de intervenciones quirúrgicas.  Resultados: La tomografía computarizada mostró afección de múltiples lóbulos pulmonares. La tasa de mortalidad a 90 días con tratamiento combinado fue del 44.4%. La diabetes mellitus y la exposición a biomasa fueron frecuentes y se identificaron como factores agravantes.  Conclusiones: Este estudio enfatiza la necesidad de un enfoque multidisciplinario y de un diagnóstico oportuno para mejorar los resultados clínicos en la mucormicosis pulmonar. La alta prevalencia de comorbilidades y factores ambientales resalta la complejidad de su manejo. Esta serie de casos aporta información relevante que puede optimizar estrategias diagnósticas y terapéuticas, mejorando el pronóstico de una infección altamente letal.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Background: Pulmonary mucormycosis is an opportunistic and potentially fatal fungal infection affecting immunocompromised individuals. Its incidence has risen, ranking as the third most common form after rhino-orbito-cerebral and cutaneous mucormycosis. Its rapid progression complicates early diagnosis and worsens prognosis. Key risk factors include hematologic malignancies, solid organ transplantation, diabetes mellitus, and corticosteroid use during COVID-19.  Objective: To describe the clinical, radiological, and therapeutic features of pulmonary mucormycosis cases at a national referral center and identify factors associated with disease progression and mortality.  Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at the National Institute of Respiratory Diseases of Mexico, analyzing nine confirmed cases between 2022 and 2024. Treatment included antifungal agents such as amphotericin B, isavuconazole in selected cases, and surgical interventions.  Results: Computed tomography revealed involvement of multiple pulmonary lobes. The 90-day mortality rate following combined therapy was 44.4%. Diabetes mellitus and biomass exposure were common and identified as aggravating factors.  Conclusions: This study highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach and timely diagnosis in improving clinical outcomes in pulmonary mucormycosis. The high prevalence of comorbidities and environmental exposures underscores the complexity of management. This case series provides relevant information to optimize diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, ultimately improving prognosis in this highly lethal infection.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Infección fúngica invasiva]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Mucormicosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Resección quirúrgica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Invasive fungal infection]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mucormycosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Surgical resection]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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