<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0028-3746</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Neumología y cirugía de tórax]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Neumol. cir. torax]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0028-3746</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Neumología y Cirugía de Tórax; Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas; Sociedad Cubana de Neumología; Sociedad Paraguaya de Neumología; Sociedad Boliviana de Neumología.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0028-37462022000400221</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35366/112950</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Efficacy and safety of a new short regimen for treatment of tuberculosis resistant to rifampicin. A pilot study]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Eficacia y seguridad de un nuevo esquema corto para el tratamiento de la tuberculosis resistente a rifampicina. Estudio piloto]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Laniado-Laborín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rafael]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castro-Mazon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gerardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salcido-Gastelum]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jorge]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Baja California  Facultad de Medicina y Psicología]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>81</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>221</fpage>
<lpage>223</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0028-37462022000400221&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0028-37462022000400221&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0028-37462022000400221&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract:  Introduction:  a fundamental problem in the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis has been the long duration of treatment regimens; globally successful treatment rates are less than 60%. The World Health Organization has proposed that through operational research new shortened all-oral regimens be tested for the treatment of rifampicin-resistant and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.  Objectives:  a pilot study was conducted to determine the efficacy of a 4-drug all-oral regimen, through the conversion time of the culture, and the safety based on the presence of adverse reactions grade &#8805; 3.  Material and methods:  twenty-six consecutive patients who have received this regimen, were included. Rigorous clinical and bacteriological follow-up was carried out to evaluate efficacy and safety.  Results:  the culture conversion time from the start of treatment was 1.42 ± 0.82 months (six weeks) and the smear microscopy conversion time was 1.75 ± 0.95 months (seven weeks). Regarding the safety of the regimen, 73.1% of the patients reported some type of adverse effect.  Conclusions:  this all-oral regimen shows excellent effectiveness with culture conversion within two months and by including three drugs with sterilizing activity (bedaquiline, levofloxacin, and clofazimine), it offers the possibility of reducing the duration of treatment, which could reduce losses to follow-up. The toxicity of the regimen is significant, and its implementation requires expert management in drug-resistant TB, and rigorous clinical and laboratory monitoring.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen:  Introducción:  un problema fundamental en el tratamiento de la tuberculosis resistente a fármacos ha sido la larga duración de los esquemas de tratamiento; globalmente las tasas de éxito son inferiores a 60%. La Organización Mundial de la Salud ha propuesto la aprobación de nuevos esquemas acortados, todos orales, a través de investigación operacional para el tratamiento de la tuberculosis resistente a rifampicina y multidrogorresistente.  Objetivos:  este estudio piloto fue realizado para determinar la eficacia de un esquema de cuatro fármacos, todos orales, a través del tiempo de conversión del cultivo, y seguridad con base en la presencia de reacciones adversas grado &#8805; 3.  Material y métodos:  se incluyeron a 26 pacientes consecutivos que han recibido este esquema. Se llevó a cabo un riguroso seguimiento clínico y bacteriológico para evaluar la eficacia y seguridad.  Resultados:  el tiempo de conversión del cultivo desde el inicio del tratamiento fue de 1.42 ± 0.82 meses (seis semanas) y el tiempo de conversión de la baciloscopia fue de 1.75 ± 0.95 meses (siete semanas). En cuanto a la seguridad del esquema, 73.1% de los pacientes reportaron algún tipo de efecto adverso.  Conclusiones:  este régimen todo oral muestra excelente efectividad con conversión del cultivo antes de dos meses, al incluir tres fármacos con actividad esterilizante (bedaquilina, levofloxacino y clofazimina), ofrece la posibilidad de reducir la duración del tratamiento, lo que disminuirá las pérdidas a seguimiento. La toxicidad es significativa y su uso requiere manejo experto en tuberculosis resistente a fármacos y riguroso monitoreo clínico y de laboratorio.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[tuberculosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[drug-resistant]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[short-course]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[treatment]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[efficacy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tuberculosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[resistente a fármacos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[acortado]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tratamiento]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[eficacia]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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