<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0028-3746</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Neumología y cirugía de tórax]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Neumol. cir. torax]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0028-3746</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Neumología y Cirugía de Tórax; Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas; Sociedad Cubana de Neumología; Sociedad Paraguaya de Neumología; Sociedad Boliviana de Neumología.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0028-37462016000300209</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Los síntomas de sueño son predictores del número de comorbilidades. Estudio poblacional]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Sleep symptoms predict the number of comorbidities. Population study]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torre-Bouscoulet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luis]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández-Plata]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rosario]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez-Briseño]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[David]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez-Padilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rogelio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guzmán-Barragán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Abigail]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Sancho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ma. Cecilia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>75</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>209</fpage>
<lpage>214</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0028-37462016000300209&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0028-37462016000300209&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0028-37462016000300209&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen:  Introducción:  Los trastornos del dormir son un problema mundial de salud pública debido a que son causa frecuente de morbilidad y mortalidad. La asociación entre los síntomas relacionados al sueño y tipo y número de comorbilidades ha sido poco estudiada.  Objetivo:  Identificar si la presencia de síntomas relacionados al sueño predicen el tipo y número de comorbilidades en adultos &gt; 40 años, residentes del Área Metropolitana de la Ciudad de México.  Métodos:  Este informe deriva del proyecto PLATINO (Proyecto Latinoamericano para la Investigación de la Obstrucción Pulmonar) e incluye los datos obtenidos del muestreo poblacional de la Ciudad de México (número de aprobación C02-03). Los síntomas relacionados al sueño se obtuvieron de un cuestionario estandarizado (http://www.platino-alat.org/docs/cuestionario_ platino_mexico.pdf). Las comorbilidades registradas en este estudio fueron: enfermedades del corazón, hipertensión arterial sistémica, diabetes tipo 2, accidente vascular cerebral y gastritis y úlcera. Para identificar si los síntomas relacionados al sueño fueron predictores del número de comorbilidades utilizamos la regresión logística multinomial, considerando como variable dependiente a tres grupos: (0) personas sin síntomas relacionados al sueño; (1) sujetos con insomnio y uso regular de sedantes y (2) sujetos con síntomas de apnea obstructiva del sueño. El análisis se ajustó por el diseño del estudio y se realizó en el programa estadístico STATA versión 9.0.  Resultados:  La tasa de respuesta en el estudio fue 73.1%. Las comorbilidades fueron muy frecuentes, 61.2% refirieron cuando menos una comorbilidad. El principal predictor de síntomas de sueño fue el número de comorbilidades que presentaba cada individuo tanto en el grupo de pacientes con insomnio y uso regular de sedantes: [RRR = 1.5 (IC95% 1.3-1.7), p &lt; 0.0001], como en el grupo de síntomas de AOS [RRR = 1.6 (IC95% 1.1-3.3), p = 0.02].  Conclusiones:  Después de controlar por género, índice tabáquico, obesidad y la presencia de síntomas de ansiedad y depresión, los síntomas de sueño fueron el principal predictor independiente del número de comorbilidades. Aplicando un cuestionario sencillo, podríamos identificar a los individuos con múltiples comorbilidades y con un riesgo particularmente alto de síntomas relacionados al sueño que requieren tratamiento urgente y de esta manera, ser referidos a clínicas especializadas en sueño.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract:  Introduction:  Sleep disorders are a global public health problem because they are common cause of morbidity and mortality. The association between sleep-related symptoms, and type and number of comorbidities has been scarly studied.  Objective:  To identify whether the presence of sleep-related symptoms predict the type and number of comorbidities in adults&gt; 40 years, residents of the metropolitan area of &#8203;&#8203;Mexico City.  Methods:  This report derives from PLATINUM project (Latin American Project for the Investigation of Pulmonary Obstruction) and includes data from the sampling population of the city of Mexico (approval number C02-03). Sleep-related symptoms were collected from a standard questionnaire (http://www.platino-alat.org/docs/ cuestionario_ platino_mexico.pdf). Comorbidities recorded in this study were: heart disease, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, stroke and gastritis and ulcers. To identify whether the symptoms were sleep-related predictors of the number of comorbidities, we use multinomial logistic regression, considering three-group dependent variable (0) People without sleep-related symptoms; (1) subjects with insomnia and regular use of sedatives and (2) patients with symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea. The analysis was adjusted considering the design of the study and performed the statistical program STATA version 9.0.  Results:  The response rate in the study was 73.1%. Comorbidities were very common, 61.2% reported at least one comorbidity; the main predictor of symptoms of sleep was the number of comorbidities found in each individual both in the group of patients with insomnia and regular use of sedatives [RRR = 1.5 (95% CI 1.3-1.7), p &lt; 0.0001], as in the group of symptoms of OSA [RRR = 1.6 (95% CI 1.1-3.3), p = 0.02].  Conclusions:  After controlling for gender, smoking history, obesity and the presence of symptoms of anxiety and depression, symptoms of sleep was the main independent predictor of the number of comorbidities. Applying a simple questionnaire, we could identify individuals with multiple comorbidities and with a particularly high risk of sleep-related symptoms that require emergency treatment and thus be referred to clinics specializing in sleep.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Comorbilidades SAOS]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sueño]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[adultos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Comorbidities OSAS]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[sleep]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[adults]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Oxidative stress--a unifying paradigm in obstructive sleep apnea and comorbidities]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lavie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Prog Cardiovasc Dis]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>51</volume>
<page-range>303-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Obstructive sleep apnea role in the risk and severity of diabetes]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pamidi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aronsohn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tasali]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<page-range>703-15</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cardiovascular consequences of sleep apnea]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Selim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Won]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yaggi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HK]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Chest Med]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<page-range>203-20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Systemic inflammation a key factor in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular complications in obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome?]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ryan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Taylor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McNicholas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WT]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Postgrad Med J]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>85</volume>
<page-range>693-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Burden of sleep apnea rationale, design, and major findings of the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort study]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Young]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Palta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dempsey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peppard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nieto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[WMJ]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>108</volume>
<page-range>246-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Obesity and sleep-disordered breathing--when two "bad guys" meet]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ryan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Crinion]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McNicholas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WT]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[QJM]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>107</volume>
<page-range>949-54</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Obesity, oxidative stress, adipose tissue dysfunction, and the associated health risks causes and therapeutic strategies]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Manna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jain]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SK]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Metab Syndr Relat Disord]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<page-range>423-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Determinants affecting health-care utilization in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome patients]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tarasiuk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Greenberg-Dotan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Simon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reuveni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Chest]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>128</volume>
<page-range>1310-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome links between pathophysiology and cardiovascular complications]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hopps]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caimi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Invest Med]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>38</volume>
<page-range>E362-70</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prevalence of sleep related symptoms in four Latin American cities]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bouscoulet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vazquez Garcia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muiño]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Sleep Med]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<page-range>579-85</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Platino project methodology of a multicenter prevalence survey of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in major Latin American cities]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Menezes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Victora]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perez-Padilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<collab>PLATINO Team</collab>
<source><![CDATA[BMC Med Res Methodol]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<page-range>15</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Standardization of spirometry]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hankinson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brusasco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Eur Respir J]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<page-range>319-38</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Stata Technical Support</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Citing Stata software, documentation, and FAQs]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[What are obstructive sleep apnea patients being treated for prior to this diagnosis]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ronald]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delaive]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Walld]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Manfreda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kryger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Chest]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>121</volume>
<page-range>164-72</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Body composition and comorbidity in the elderly]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bonnefoy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gilbert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Geriatr Psychol Neuropsychiatr Vieil]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>^s1</numero>
<issue>^s1</issue>
<supplement>1</supplement>
<page-range>29-36</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rivera-Dommarco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shamah-Levy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villalpando-Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Franco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cuevas-Nasu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2012. Resultados Nacionales]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cuernavaca, México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (MX)]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Epidemiology of sleep disturbances and cardiovascular consequences]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Badran]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yassin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fox]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Laher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ayas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Can J Cardiol]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<page-range>873-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[How to choose and use bariatric surgery in 2015]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Piché]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MÈ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Auclair]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harvey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marceau]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Poirier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Can J Cardiol]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<page-range>153-66</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Where there is smoke...there is sleep apnea exploring the relationship between smoking and sleep apnea]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krishnan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dixon-Williams]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thornton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JD]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Chest]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>146</volume>
<page-range>1673-80</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
