<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0026-1742</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de la Facultad de Medicina (México)]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Fac. Med. (Méx.)]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0026-1742</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Medicina]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0026-17422014000400034</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[El trabajador de la salud y el riesgo de enfermedades infecciosas adquiridas. Las precauciones estándar y de bioseguridad]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Healthcare providers and the risk of acquired infectious diseases. Standard and biosafety precautions]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morelos Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rubén]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Maritoña]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez Dorantes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Guadalupe]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chavarín Rivera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carolina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meléndez-Herrada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Enrique]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,UNAM Facultad de Medicina ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ DF]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,UNAM Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ DF]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,UNAM Departamento de Salud Pública ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ DF]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Asociación Mexicana de Bioseguridad AC  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ DF]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2014</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2014</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>57</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>34</fpage>
<lpage>42</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0026-17422014000400034&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0026-17422014000400034&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0026-17422014000400034&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El trabajador de la salud (médicos, enfermeras, paramédicos, laboratoristas clínicos, etc.), por su actividad diaria está en riesgo de adquirir accidentalmente una enfermedad infecciosa. El contacto con pacientes, fluidos biológicos y el cultivo o aislamiento de microorganismos infecciosos durante el trabajo de laboratorio son factores que aumentan ese riesgo, y para disminuirlo se requiere de la aplicación de medidas preventivas o precauciones estándar de bioseguridad para cada una de sus actividades, por lo tanto, debe contar con el entrenamiento necesario. El uso de guantes, cubrebocas, mascarillas, bata, así como la disposición adecuada de los residuos peligrosos biológico-infecciosos (RPBI) resultan primordiales en el trabajo diario. Aunado esto, el lavado de manos, el cambio frecuente de la bata u otra vestimenta hospitalaria son de gran importancia para evitar las infecciones nosocomiales. Es importante considerar, que la carga de trabajo y el estrés ocupacional son factores adicionales que aumentan las probabilidades de incurrir en errores o accidentes laborales que provoquen infecciones en el personal de salud. Nuestro objetivo es presentar los factores de riesgo a los que se expone el trabajador de la salud durante sus actividades diarias y contribuir a la difusión y divulgación de la correcta aplicación de las precauciones universales de bioseguridad para disminuir el riesgo de adquirir una enfermedad infecciosa.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Healthcare providers (doctors, nurses, paramedics, laboratory technicians, surgeons, etc.) are at risk of accidentally acquiring an infectious disease as a consequence of their everyday activities. Preventive measures or standard biosafety precautions for each one of the activities to perform are required; therefore, health providers must know and have the appropriate training to prevent these infections. For instance, the use of gloves, surgical masks, masks, laboratory coat, as well as the correct disposal of trained to Contact with patients, biological fluids and the culture or isolation of infectious microorganisms during laboratory work are factors increasing that risk. To reduce the risk of acquiring an infectious disease, it requires the application of preventive measures or appropriate biosecurity standard precautions for each of the activities to be performed, so the health worker must know and have the necessary training to prevent these infections in this sense the use of gloves, masks, gown, and the correct management of the Biological-infectious Hazardous Waste (BIHW) are of primary importance in daily work. In addition, hand-washing, frequent change of the coat or any other hospital clothes is very important to prevent hospital-acquired infections. Finally, it is important to consider that the workload and occupational stress are additional factors that increase the chances of work mistakes or accidents causing healthcare personnel acquire infections. The aim of this paper is to present a profile of risk factors to which the health worker is exposed during his/her daily activities and contribute to the dissemination and disclosure of the correct application of the universal biosafety precautions in order to decrease the risk of acquiring an infectious disease.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Residuos peligrosos biológico-infecciosos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[bioseguridad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[riesgo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[trabajador de la salud]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Biological-infectious hazardous waste]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[biosafety]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[risk]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[healthcare provider]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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