<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0016-7169</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Geofísica internacional]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Geofís. Intl]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0016-7169</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Geofísica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0016-71692024000100711</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22201/igeof.2954436xe.2024.63.1.1443</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Interpretation of vertical electrical soundings by means of ISM, PHT and C-N, case of a ditch in Al-Sharquieh phosphate mine in Syria]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Asfahani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jamal]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Atomic Energy Commission Geology Department ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Damascus ]]></addr-line>
<country>Syrian Arab Republic (the)</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>63</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>711</fpage>
<lpage>725</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0016-71692024000100711&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0016-71692024000100711&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0016-71692024000100711&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The main objective of this paper is basically to calibrate and compare the different geoelectrical results obtained by the three interpretative techniques of the inverse slope method (ISM), Pichgin and Habibuleav (PHT) and concentration-number (C-N) fractal modeling with the well lithology of an existing known ditch in the Al-Sharquieh phosphate mine in Syria. Those interpretative techniques are applied herein to interpret the vertical electrical soundings (VES) points measured along a parallel profile to the ditch. ISM reveals the presence of four to five geoelectrical layers in the study region. The PHT allows the determination of the tectonic subsurface features of the study region, by analyzing the non homogeneity points and their distributions along a given geoelectrical profile. The fractal C-N modeling provides the different apparent resistivity ranges dominating in the study region. Good agreements are obtained between the direct observed field lithological descriptions of both wall sides of this ditch, and the results obtained by those three interpretative geoelectrical techniques. The high radioactive readings exceeding four hundred count per second (cps) are due to the presence of secondary uranium accompanied with fractures, cracks and joints. The secondary uranium occurrences accompanied by phosphate deposits are found in the study area in the fractured zones, as determined by the geoelectrical PHT technique. The three mentioned geoelectrical methodologies are therefore used as indirect techniques for delineating the radioactive zones related to uranium prospecting. It is a successful application of the joint use of those three techniques, that could be applied in mining to delimit the subsurface geological structure. The reliability and efficacy of (ISM), (PHT), and (C-N) fractal modeling techniques are consequently well confirmed, and it is therefore recommended to use and apply them for characterizing and describing similar lithological phosphatic sequences, and for several shallow mining, environmental and civil engineering applications.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El objetivo central de esta investigación es calibrar y comparar los resultados geoeléctricos obtenidos mediante tres técnicas interpretativas independientes: método de pendiente inversa (ISM); Pichgin y Habibuleav (PHT), y modelado fractal del número de concentración (C-N), con la litología de pozo de la expresión geológica de una zanja conocida, ubicada en la mina de fosfato Al-Sharquieh en Siria. Estas técnicas de interpretación se aplican aquí para interpretar los puntos obtenidos con sondeos eléctricos verticales (VES) medidos a lo largo de un perfil paralelo a la zanja. ISM revela la presencia de cuatro a cinco capas geoeléctricas en la región de estudio. PHT permite determinar las características tectónicas del subsuelo de la región de estudio analizando los puntos y distribuciones de no-homogeneidad a lo largo de un perfil geoeléctrico determinado. El modelado fractal C-N revela los diferentes rangos de resistividad aparente dominantes en la región de estudio. Los resultados obtenidos con estas tres técnicas geoeléctricas interpretativas se ajustan bien a las descripciones litológicas de campo observadas directamente en ambos lados de la pared de la zanja. Los altos conteos radiactivos, superando cuatrocientas cuentas por segundo (cps), se deben a la presencia de uranio secundario junto con fracturas, grietas y juntas. Tales ocurrencias de uranio secundario, acompañadas de depósitos de fosfato, se encuentran en las zonas fracturadas del área de estudio, como lo resolvió claramente la técnica geoeléctrica PHT. Por ello, las tres metodologías geoeléctricas mencionadas se utilizan como técnicas indirectas de prospección de uranio para delimitar las zonas radiactivas. El uso conjunto de esas tres técnicas podría aplicarse con buenos resultados en minería para delimitar la estructura geológica del subsuelo. Esto confirma la confiabilidad y eficacia de las técnicas de (ISM), (PHT) y de modelado fractal (C-N), por lo que se recomienda utilizarlas para caracterizar y describir secuencias litológicas fosfáticas similares y para diversas aplicaciones ambientales, de ingeniería civil y en minas poco profundas.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[(ISM)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[(PHT)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[(C-N) fractal modeling technique]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Al-Sharquieh phosphate mine]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Syria]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[(ISM)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[(PHT)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Técnica de modelación fractal (C-N)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Mina de fosfato Al-Sharquieh]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Syria]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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