<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0016-3813</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Gaceta médica de México]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Gac. Méd. Méx]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0016-3813</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Academia Nacional de Medicina de México A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0016-38132020000600549</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24875/gmm.20005479</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Asociación de factores de riesgo independientes con fracaso posextubación en pacientes desconectados de la ventilación mecánica]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Association of independent risk factors with post-extubation failure in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation weaning]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santibañez-Velázquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Martín]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Medina-García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gabriela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ocharán-Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Centro Médico Nacional La Raza Hospital de Especialidades]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Politécnico Nacional Escuela Superior de Medicina ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>156</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<fpage>549</fpage>
<lpage>555</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0016-38132020000600549&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0016-38132020000600549&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0016-38132020000600549&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción: Aun con adecuado protocolo de desconexión de la ventilación mecánica (DVM), el procedimiento falla en 15 a 30 % de los casos.  Objetivo: Evaluar la asociación entre factores de riesgo independientes y fracaso posextubación en pacientes con DVM en una unidad de cuidados intensivos.  Método: Estudio de cohorte, longitudinal, prospectivo, analítico, que incluyó pacientes sometidos a ventilación mecánica por más de 24 horas y que fueron extubados. Se obtuvieron reportes preextubación de hemoglobina, albúmina, fósforo, índice cintura-cadera y puntuación SOFA. Se definió como fracaso de extubación al reinicio de la ventilación mecánica en 48 horas o menos.  Resultados: Se extubaron 123 pacientes, 74 hombres (60 %); la edad promedio fue de 50 ± 18 años. Ocurrió fracaso de extubación en 37 (30 %). Como factores de riesgo independentes se asoció hipoalbuminemia en 29 (23.8 %, RR = 1.43, IC 95 % = 1.11-1.85) e hipofosfatemia en 18 (14.6 %, RR = 2.98, IC 95 % = 1.66-5.35); se observaron dos o más factores de riesgo independientes en 22.7 % (RR = 1.51, IC 95 % = 1.14-2.00).  Conclusiones: Identificar los factores de riesgo independentes antes de la DVM puede ayudar a reducir el fracaso de la extubación y la morbimortalidad asociada.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction: Even with an adequate mechanical ventilation weaning (MVW) protocol, the procedure fails in 15 to 30 % of cases.  Objective: To assess the association between independent risk factors (IRFs) and post-extubation failure in patients undergoing MVW in an intensive care unit.  Method: Longitudinal, prospective, analytical cohort study in patients on mechanical ventilation for more than 24 hours and who were extubated. Pre-extubation reports of hemoglobin, albumin, phosphorus, waist-hip ratio and SOFA score were obtained. Extubation failure was defined as resumption of mechanical ventilation within 48 hours or less.  Results: 123 patients were extubated, out of whom 74 were males (60 %); average age was 50 ± 18 years. Extubation failure occurred in 37 (30 %). Hypoalbuminemia was associated as an independent risk factor in 29 (23.8 %, RR = 1.43, 95 % CI = 1.11-1.85) and hypophosphatemia was in 18 (14.6 %, RR = 2.98, 95 % CI = 1.66-5.35); two or more IRFs were observed in 22.7 % (RR = 1.51, 95 % CI = 1.14-2.00).  Conclusions: Identifying independent risk factors prior to MVW can help reduce the risk of extubation failure and associated morbidity and mortality.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Desconexión]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Ventilación mecánica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Fracaso de extubación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Factores de riesgo independientes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Weaning]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mechanical ventilation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Extubation failure]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Independent risk factors]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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