<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2954-4122</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Archivos de neurociencias (México)]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Arch. Neurocien. (Mex.)]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2954-4122</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía "Manuel Velasco Suárez"]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2954-41222021000400043</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31157/an.v26i4.307</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Leucoencefalopatía multifocal progresiva con afectación cerebelosa aislada]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy secondary to immune reconstitution syndrome]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez-Romero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montenegro-Rosales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eguiluz-Melendez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rangel-Frausto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torruco-Sotelo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lanz-Zubiria]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán Departamento de Neurocirugía ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Fundación Clínica Médica Sur Departamento de Infectología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán Departamento de Unidad de Terapia Intensiva ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af6">
<institution><![CDATA[,Fundación Clínica Médica Sur  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>43</fpage>
<lpage>49</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2954-41222021000400043&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2954-41222021000400043&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2954-41222021000400043&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La leucoencefalopatía multifocal progresiva (LMP) representa una infección oportunista del sistema nervioso central ocasionada por el virus JC. Esta entidad puede aparecer en diversas patologías en huéspedes inmunosuprimidos, principalmente en pacientes con VIH/SIDA, sin embargo, hasta 3% de los casos pueden presentarse en personas inmunocompetentes. En los casos en los que la enfermedad se presenta en pacientes inmunosuprimidos, puede deberse a dos circunstancias: la primera, a la ausencia de tratamiento para la patología primaria, en este caso VIH, y la segunda, como parte de un síndrome de reconstitución inmunológica (SRI) posterior al inicio de la terapia antirretroviral. La importancia fundamental entre estas dos circunstancias es el tratamiento. Mientras que los pacientes que se encuentran sin antirretrovirales se ven beneficiados del inicio de dichos fármacos, los pacientes con SRI se benefician del uso de corticosteroides. El diagnóstico de LMP definitivo es histopatológico, en donde clásicamente se presenta la tríada de desmielinización, astrocitos atípicos y cuerpos de inclusión nucleares en los oligodendrocitos.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) represents an opportunistic infection of the central nervous system caused by the JC virus. This entity can appear in various pathologies in immunosuppressed hosts, mainly in patients with HIV / AIDS, however, up to 3% of cases can occur in immunocompetent people. In cases where the disease occurs in immunosuppressed patients, it may be due to two circumstances; the first, to the absence of treatment for the primary pathology, in this case HIV, and the second, as part of an immune reconstitution syndrome (IRS) after the initiation of antiretroviral the rapy. The fundamental importance between these two circumstances is the treatment. While antiretroviral-free patients benefit from the initiation of these drugs, SRI patients benefit from the use of corticosteroids. The definitive PML diagnosis is histopathological, where the triad of demyelination, atypical astrocytes, and nuclear inclusion bodies in oligodendrocytes is classically presented.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[virus JC]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[immune reconstitution syndrome]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[leucoencefalopatía multifocal progresiva]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[virus JC]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sindrome de reconstrucción inmunológica]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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