<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2954-3835</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Cardiovascular and metabolic science]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Cardiovasc. metab. sci]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2954-3835</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Asociación Nacional de Cardiólogos de México A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2954-38352020000300066</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35366/95585</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Defining pharmacological terms based on receptor ligand interactions]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Definiendo términos farmacológicos basados en las interacciones ligando receptor]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Portilla-Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrés]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortiz-Flores]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Miguel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hidalgo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Isabel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González-Ruiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cristian]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ceballos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Guillermo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nájera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nayelli]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Politécnico Nacional Escuela Superior de Medicina Laboratorio de Investigación Integral Cardiometabólica]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Mexico City ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>66</fpage>
<lpage>70</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2954-38352020000300066&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2954-38352020000300066&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2954-38352020000300066&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: There are several theories of how a drug interacts with a receptor. This review discuss the theories considered the most relevant to elucidate the mechanisms that govern drug-receptor interactions such as the occupational theory proposed by A. J. Clark, who stablished that drug-receptor interactions can be interpreted as processes that obey the laws of physics and chemistry, proposing for the first time a mathematical approach describing the behavior of a ligand-receptor interaction. This theory has been modified with the development of new technics, such as recombinant technology, protein crystallization and in silico methodologies, which all contribute with important experimental data for a better understanding of ligand-receptor interaction. Over time the drug-receptor interactions theories became more complex and accurate, and gain a few fundamental parameters such as potency, efficacy, dose, types of agonism (partial, total, inverse), antagonism (competitive and non-competitive) or modulation. The deep understanding of these new concepts in drug-receptor pharmacology, can make the difference between success or failure in pharmacological treatment in the clinical area.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: Existen varias teorías sobre cómo un fármaco interactúa con un receptor. Esta revisión muestra las teorías que se consideran más relevantes para dilucidar los mecanismos que rigen las interacciones fármaco-receptor, como la propuesta por A.J. Clark, quien establece que las interacciones fármaco-receptor pueden interpretarse como procesos que obedecen las leyes de la física y la química, y establece por primera vez un enfoque matemático que describe el comportamiento de una interacción ligando-receptor, este modelo se conoce como teoría ocupacional. Sin embargo, esta teoría se ha modificado con el desarrollo de nuevas tecnologías, como la tecnología recombinante, la cristalización de proteínas y las metodologías in silico, que contribuyen con importantes datos experimentales para comprender la interacción ligando-receptor. De esta manera, las teorías de interacciones fármaco-receptor se volvieron más complejas, precisas y obtuvieron algunos parámetros fundamentales como potencia, eficacia, dosis, tipos de agonismo (parcial, total, inverso), antagonismo (competitivo y no competitivo) o modulación. Es por esto que la implementación de estos nuevos conceptos en la farmacología de las teorías fármaco-receptor en el área clínica puede marcar la diferencia entre el éxito o el fracaso en el tratamiento farmacológico.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Ligands]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[agonist]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[antagonism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[receptor theory]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[biased agonist]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[GPCR]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Ligandos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[agonista]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[antagonismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[teoría del receptor]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[agonista selectivo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[GPCR]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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