<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2683-2690</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[The Anáhuac journal]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[The Anáhuac j.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2683-2690</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Anáhuac del Sur S.C., Facultad de Economía y Negocios]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2683-26902018000200043</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36105/theanahuacjour.2018v18n2.02</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[La falacia de la hipótesis de Joseph Schumpeter]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The fallacy of the Joseph Schumpeter hypothesis]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Landa Lizarralde]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luis Felipe]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>43</fpage>
<lpage>56</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2683-26902018000200043&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2683-26902018000200043&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2683-26902018000200043&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La existencia de una relación positiva entre los gastos en investigación, innovación y desarrollo (I&amp;D) y el grado de concentración del mercado y entre los gastos en I&amp;D y el tamaño de la empresa se encuentran en el epicentro de la tradición del pensamiento de Joseph Schumpeter (1942). A pesar de que el autor fue impreciso respecto a si los monopolios per se o simplemente a si las empresas de mayor tamaño son más propicias que las pequeñas que operan en mercados competitivos a realizar mayores inversiones en I&amp;D, las dos proposiciones, de manera separada, se conocen como las hipótesis de Schumpeter. El economista argumentaba que los monopolios son el semillero natural para la I&amp;D y que si se desea inducir a las empresas a innovar, es necesario aceptar la existencia de mercados imperfectos como un daño colateral. No obstante que Schumpeter no presentó evidencia empírica para respaldar sus argumentos, el interés generó una enorme cantidad de literatura sobre el tema. Al día de hoy, 75 años después de la presentación de su tesis original, los resultados apuntan en ambas direcciones. Esta nota presenta evidencia adicional sobre la validez empírica de la existencia de una relación positiva entre los gastos en I&amp;D y el tamaño de la empresa en una muestra de ocho países de la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo (OCDE), además de China/Taipei y Rumania. Para esto, se calcula un coeficiente de correlación de Spearman y una regresión lineal entre el tamaño de la empresa y el gasto en I&amp;D utilizando las estadísticas de tecnología, patentes e investigación de la OCDE, los cuales, a nuestro entender, no han sido utilizadas para este propósito específico. Los resultados obtenidos indican lo opuesto a la tesis de Schumpeter. Entre mayor es el tamaño de la empresa, menor es el gasto en I&amp;D. Esto podría explicarse por la presencia de un número cada vez mayor de nuevas empresas en el ramo de la tecnología (start-ups), cuya actividad es intensiva en I&amp;D.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The existence of a positive relationship between expenditures in research and development (R&amp;D) and market concentration and firm size is at the heart of Joseph Schumpeter&#8217;s view on innovation, technological progress and economic development (1942). Even though he was imprecise as to whether monopolies per se or simply large firms are more inclined to spend on R&amp;D rather than smaller firms operating in competitive markets, the two propositions are known as Schumpeter&#8217;s hypotheses. The economist argued that monopolies are the breeding ground of R&amp;D and if society craves for innovation, it must accept imperfect markets as collateral damage. Schumpeter did not provide empirical work to support his hypothesis. However, it induced a vast amount of research geared at providing evidence to support or reject his claims. To date, more than 75 years after the publication of his seminal contribution, the results are inconclusive. This note presents additional empirical evidence about the validity of Schumpeter&#8217;s hypotheses in a sample of 10 countries: eight member countries of the OECD, China/Taipei and Romania. A Spearman rank correlation coefficient combined with a linear regression are estimated to determine the relationship between R&amp;D expenditures and firm size. Data was obtained from the Technology and Patents - Research and Development Statistics of the OECD, which, to our knowledge has not been used for this specific purpose. The results from this simple test provide additional evidence to reject Schumpeter&#8217;s hypothesis. The results may be explained by numerous start-up businesses joining the market in activities that are intensive in technology and innovation.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Schumpeter]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[poder de mercado]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[innovación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[D42]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[L12]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Schumpeter]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[market power]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[innovation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[D42]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[L12]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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