<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2663-3981</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista cartográfica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. cartogr.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2663-3981</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Panamericano de Geografía e Historia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2663-39812021000100027</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35424/rcarto.i102.830</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Implementación del método máquinas de soporte vectorial en bases de datos espaciales para análisis de clasificación supervisada en imágenes de sensores remotos]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Implementation of the vector support machines method in spatial databases for supervised classification analysis in remote sensor images]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Murillo Castañeda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Raúl Alejandro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>102</numero>
<fpage>27</fpage>
<lpage>42</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2663-39812021000100027&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2663-39812021000100027&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2663-39812021000100027&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: Este artículo está orientado al desarrollo de una aplicación que implemente el método de clasificación supervisada máquinas de soporte vectorial (MSV) sobre imágenes provenientes de sensores remotos ya sean activos o pasivos que se encuentren almacenadas en una base de datos espacial de tipo relacional que permita contribuir y soportar la clasificación de imágenes, según parámetros de normalidad y anormalidad, donde se consiga además almacenar estos resultados dentro del mismo sistema manejador de bases de datos. Dado que el algoritmo de clasificación supervisada MSV es ampliamente aceptado por la comunidad científica como una de las mejores técnicas de clasificación, ya que permite tener una muy buena exactitud en el diagnóstico de las diferentes coberturas presentes en el suelo, puesto que busca no solo encontrar una disociación entre estas, sino lograr una separación entre los elementos a clasificar, se implementará como técnica de clasificación. La aplicación está diseñada para el usuario final, que permita no sólo obtener un apoyo y sustento al momento de tomar decisiones, sino que facilite la actualización de la base de datos, la inclusión o la eliminación de información de la misma, así como la posibilidad de elegir las características principales que se deban tener en cuenta durante el proceso de clasificación. Esta utilidad es de gran valor, ya que, al trabajar con imágenes de características similares, la posibilidad de establecer rangos de disociación o pesos a las diferentes coberturas afecta directamente el resultado que se espera obtener. Finalmente se presentará un caso de estudio relacionado con la deforestación de la amazonia colombiana donde se demostrará la utilidad de la aplicación por medio de una clasificación supervisada la cual será comparada con el módulo de clasificación de algunos softwares que la implementan en la actualidad.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: This article is oriented to the development of an application that implements the method of supervised classification of vector support machines (MSV) on images from remote sensors, whether active or passive that are stored in a spatial database. of a relational type that allows contributing and supporting the classification of images, according to normality and abnormality parameters, where it is also possible to store these results within the same database management system. Given that the MSV supervised classification algorithm is widely accepted by the scientific community as one of the best classification techniques, since it allows very good accuracy in diagnosing the different coverings present in the soil. Since it seeks not only to find a dissociation between these, but to achieve a separation between the elements to be classified, it will be implemented as a classification technique. The application is designed for the end user, which allows not only obtaining support and sustenance when making decisions, but also facilitating the updating of the database, the inclusion or deletion of information from it, as well as the possibility of choosing the main characteristics that must be taken into account during the classification process. This utility is of great value, since when working with images with similar characteristics, the possibility of establishing dissociation ranges or weights for the different coverages directly affects the expected result. Finally, a case study related to deforestation in the Colombian Amazon will be presented, where the utility of the application will be demonstrated by means of a supervised classification, which will be compared with the classification module of some software that currently implements it.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[clasificación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[base de datos espacial]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[matriz de confusión]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[amazonia colombiana]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ENVI]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[classification]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[spatial database]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[confusion matrix]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Colombian Amazon]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[ENVI]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abraira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[El índice kappa]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Medicina de Familia. SEMERGEN]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alpaydin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Introduction to machine learning]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<edition>2nd ed.</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge, Mass ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[MIT Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anzola]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Máquinas de soporte vectorial y redes neuronales artificiales en la predicción del movimiento USD/COP spot intradiario]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[ODEON]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>113-72</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Argañaraz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Entraigas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Análisis comparativo entre las máquinas de vectores soporte y el clasificador de máxima probabilidad para la discriminación de cubiertas del suelo]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Teledetección]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<numero>36</numero>
<issue>36</issue>
<page-range>26-39</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>ASPRS</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Manual of Photographic Interpretation]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bethesda, USA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Borràs]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delegido]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pezzola]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pereira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morassi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Camps-Valls]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Clasificación de usos del suelo a partir de imágenes Sentinel-2]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Teledetección]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<numero>48</numero>
<issue>48</issue>
<page-range>55-66</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Canales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W. Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Clasificación de grandes conjuntos de datos vía Máquinas de Vectores Soporte y aplicaciones en sistemas biológicos]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Politécnico Nacional]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castellon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Análisis comparativo entre ENVI y Orfeo Toolbox SVM]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cohen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A Coefficient of Agreement for Nominal Scales]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Educational and Psychological Measurement]]></source>
<year>1960</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>37-46</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Espinosa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. C. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. S. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Identificar cobertura vegetal de suelo clasificando pixeles en imágenes hiperespectrales con SVM (máquina de soporte vectorial)]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fletcher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hussain]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z.,]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shawe-Taylor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Multiple Kernel Learning on the Limit Order Book]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[JMLR: Workshop and Conference Proceedings 11]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<page-range>167-74</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nakamori]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.-Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Forecasting stock market movement direction with support vector machine]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Computers &amp; Operations Research]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>2513-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jaime]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Larín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garea]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Hacia métodos de análisis de datos espaciales raster en el nivel semántico]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Computación y Sistemas]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>91-106</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jensen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Introductory Digital Image Processing - A Remote Sensing Perspective]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<edition>3a ed.</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[New Jersey, USA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Prentice Hall]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Landis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Koch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biometrics]]></source>
<year>1977</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>159-74</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mather]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brandt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Classification methods for remotely sensed data]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<edition>2 Edition</edition>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CRC Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mountrakis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Im]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.,]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ogole]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Support vector machines in remote sensing: A review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>66</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>247-59</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Richards]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Remote Sensing Digital Image Analysis]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Springer-Verl]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schowengerdt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Techniques for image processing and classification in remote sensing]]></source>
<year>1985</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Academic Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shekhar Sashi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Spatial Databases: A Tour]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>Vol. 1</volume>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Minnesota ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
