<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2604-1227</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista mexicana de oftalmología]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. mex. oftalmol]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2604-1227</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Mexicana de Oftalmología A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2604-12272020000400166</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24875/rmo.m20000120</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Errores de refracción en niños de 6 a 8 años y factores asociados. Estudio transversal analítico]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Refractive errors in children aged 6 to 8 years and associated factors. Cross-sectional analytical study]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Avendaño-Vásquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jeimy N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-Hilarión]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Javier A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortiz-Clavijo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Magda S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Antonio Nariño Facultad de Enfermería ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Antonio Nariño Facultad de Optometría ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Antonio Nariño Facultad de Psicología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>94</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>166</fpage>
<lpage>177</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2604-12272020000400166&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2604-12272020000400166&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2604-12272020000400166&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Los errores de refracción (ER) han sido motivo de interés mundial por ser considerados el problema ocular más común en todos los grupos de edad. Reconocer su carácter multifactorial es vital para dar respuesta a través de programas de prevención, diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno.  Objetivo: Analizar la asociación de ER con factores sociales, nutricionales, psicológicos y estilos de vida en niños de 6 a 8 años.  Método: Estudio transversal analítico realizado a 149 niños de 6 a 8 años. Valoración de optometría bajo cicloplejia, antropometría y cuestionarios de características sociodemográficas, estilos de vida y personalidad fueron aplicados.  Resultados: La prevalencia de hipermetropía fue del 33,5% y de astigmatismo del 18,7%, con un incremento de este último directamente proporcional a la edad. Niños con hipermetropía mostraron condiciones socialmente menores (52%). No se hallaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en relación con el estado nutricional, pero sí con el consumo de alimentos como azúcares y lácteos (p = 0,030 y p = 0.017, respectivamente). Factores de riesgo como exposición a tabaco o consumo de alcohol fueron identificados en el 14.1% de niños emétropes. Los niños hipermétropes mostraron menores capacidades frente a escalas de seguridad y duda estadísticamente significativas (p = 0.017) en comparación con niños emétropes y con astigmatismo.  Conclusión: Los niños con hipermetropía demostraron mayores factores de riesgo relacionados con estilos de vida y rasgos de personalidad. La tendencia creciente de astigmatismo en nuestra población de estudio sugiere medidas de intervención precoces para disminuir su impacto en el contexto escolar. Se sugieren estudios longitudinales que contemplen patrones de conducta modificables para hallar significancia estadística.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Refractive errors (RE) have been of global interest because they are considered the most common ocular problem in all age groups. Recognizing its multifactorial character is vital to respond through prevention, diagnosis and timely treatment programs.  Objective: To analyze the correlation between sociodemographic, nutritional, psychological and lifestyle factors with refractive errors in children.  Methodology: Analytical cross-sectional study conducted on 149 children aged 6 to 8 years. Optometric assessment under cycloplegia, anthropometry and application of questionnaires regarding sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyles and personality.  Results: The prevalence of hyperopia was 33.5% and of astigmatism 18.7%, with an increase in the latter directly proportional to age. Children with hyperopia showed socially disadvantaged conditions (52%). No statistically significant differences were observed regarding nutritional status, but there was a correlation with the consumption of foods such as sugars and dairy products (p = 0.030 and p = 0.017, respectively). Risk factors such as exposure to tobacco or alcohol consumption were identified in 14.1% of emmetropic children. Hyperopic children showed lower capacities regarding statistically significant safety and doubt scales (p = 0.017) compared to emmetropic and hyperopic children.  Conclusion: Children with hyperopia showed more risk factors related to lifestyle and personality traits. The growing tendency of astigmatism in our study population should drive early intervention measures to reduce its impact on the school context. Longitudinal studies are suggested that include modifiable behavior patterns to evaluate statistical significance.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Errores de refracción]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Hiperopía]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Astigmatismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Niño]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Estilos de vida saludable]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Determinación de la personalidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Estado nutricional]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Refractive errors]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Hyperopia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Astigmatism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Children]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Healthy lifestyles]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Personality determination]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Nutritional status]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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