<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2594-2166</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Medicina y ética]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Med. ética]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2594-2166</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Anáhuac México, Facultad de Bioética]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2594-21662026000200454</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36105/mye.2026v37n2.03</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Gaslighting médico y violencia epistémica: hacia una ética del reconocimiento en la práctica clínica contemporánea]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Medical gaslighting and epistemic violence: towards an ethics of recognition in contemporary clinical practice]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramos-Zaga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fernando Antonio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad César Vallejo  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Peru</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>454</fpage>
<lpage>498</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2594-21662026000200454&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2594-21662026000200454&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2594-21662026000200454&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El gaslighting médico, entendido como una forma de manipulación institucional que desacredita la experiencia del paciente, representa una manifestación estructural de violencia epistémica que deteriora la confianza clínica y transforma la atención sanitaria en un espacio de exclusión cognitiva. En ese sentido, el objetivo del presente artículo es analizar críticamente el gaslighting médico como forma de violencia epistémica y ontológica a partir del caso Kowalski, con el propósito de delinear criterios y mecanismos institucionales orientados a la transformación ética del vínculo clínico. El análisis revela tres dinámicas estructurales interrelacionadas: el descrédito testimonial, que invalida la voz del paciente; la patologización afectiva, que reinterpreta su sufrimiento como signo de irracionalidad; así como la reescritura institucional del dolor, que impone una versión oficial del padecimiento. Se concluye que la superación del gaslighting médico requiere reconfigurar la práctica sanitaria sobre los principios de justicia epistémica, reconocimiento intersubjetivo y humildad cognitiva, condición indispensable para restaurar la confianza y la legitimidad moral de la medicina contemporánea.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Medical gaslighting, understood as a form of institutional manipulation that discredits the patient&#8217;s experience, represents a structural manifestation of epistemic violence that undermines clinical trust and transforms healthcare into a space of cognitive exclusion. In this sense, the objective of this article is to critically analyze medical gaslighting as a form of epistemic and ontological violence based on the Kowalski case, with the aim of outlining institutional criteria and mechanisms aimed at the ethical transformation of clinical relationships. The analysis reveals three interrelated structural dynamics: testimonial discrediting, which invalidates the patient&#8217;s voice; affective pathologization, which reinterprets their suffering as a sign of irrationality; and institutional rewriting of pain, which imposes an official version of the condition. It concludes that overcoming medical gaslighting requires reconfiguring healthcare practice based on the principles of epistemic justice, intersubjective recognition, and cognitive humility, which are essential conditions for restoring trust and the moral legitimacy of contemporary medicine.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[gaslighting médico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[violencia epistémica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[bioética]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[injusticia testimonial]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[autonomía del paciente]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[medical gaslighting]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[epistemic violence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[bioethics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[testimonial injustice]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[patient autonomy]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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