<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2594-066X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Debate feminista]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Debate fem.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2594-066X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios de Género]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2594-066X2024000100033</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22201/cieg.2594066xe.2024.67.2363</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Galenidad y masculinidad: semejanzas normativas, de performance y fenomenológicas]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Medical identity and masculinity: normative, about performance, and phenomenological similarities]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Galenidade e masculinidade: semelhanças normativas, de performance e fenomenológicas]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villanueva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marcia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Instituto de Investigaciones Filosóficas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>67</volume>
<fpage>33</fpage>
<lpage>65</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2594-066X2024000100033&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2594-066X2024000100033&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2594-066X2024000100033&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN Aunque es sabido que existe una estrecha relación entre la masculinidad y la profesión médica, no se han tipificado las semejanzas que existen entre la galenidad (i.e. la identidad médica) y la masculinidad. A partir de una investigación cualitativa, este artículo presenta tres tipos de similitudes entre galenidad y masculinidad: normativas, de performance y fenomenológicas. Las primeras incluyen normas explícitas y tácitas, entre las que sobresale la fortaleza que exige la galenidad, fundada en una concepción heroico-militar de la masculinidad. Las afinidades de performance se refieren a la actuación de la galenidad y la masculinidad, e incluyen el merecimiento, la machoexplicación y expresiones diversas de la masculinidad tóxica. Las similitudes fenomenológicas dan cuenta de que médicos y varones coinciden en tener experiencias contradictorias. Se concluye que la galenidad es una identidad profesional masculinizada, lo que favorece la discriminación de género y el acoso sexual dentro del campo médico mexicano.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Although a close relationship is known to exist between masculinity and the medical profession, the similarities that exist between medical identity and masculinity have yet to be established. Based on qualitative research, this article presents three types of similarities between medical identity and masculinity: normative, about performance, and phenomenological. The first ones include explicit and tacit norms, particularly the strength required by medical identity, predicated on a heroic-military conception of masculinity. Performance affinities refer to the enactment of medical identity and masculinity, and include entitlement, mansplaining, and expressions of toxic masculinity. The phenomenological similarities show that doctors and men coincide in having contradictory experiences. The article concludes that medical identity is a masculinized professional identity, which encourages gender discrimination and sexual harassment within the Mexican medical field.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[RESUMO Embora se saiba que existe uma estreita relação entre masculinidade e profissão médica, não foram estabelecidas as semelhanças que existem entre galenidade (isto é, identidade médica) e masculinidade. Com base em pesquisa qualitativa, este artigo apresenta três tipos de semelhanças entre galenidade e masculinidade: normativas, de performance e fenomenológicas. As primeiras incluem normas explícitas e tácitas, entre as quais se destaca a força exigida pela galenidade, fundada em uma concepção heroico-militar da masculinidade. As afinidades de performance referem-se à representação da galenidade e da masculinidade e incluem o sentido do direito, a macho-explicação e várias expressões de masculinidade tóxica. As semelhanças fenomenológicas mostram que médicos e homens coincidem em ter experiências contraditórias. Conclui-se que a galenidade é uma identidade profissional masculinizada que favorece a discriminação de gênero e o assédio sexual no campo médico mexicano.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Identidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Medicina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Masculinidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Modelos de masculinidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Sistemas de género]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Identidad social]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Identity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Medicine]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Masculinity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Models of Masculinity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Gender Systems]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Social Identity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Identidade]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Medicina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Masculinidade]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Modelos de masculinidade]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Sistemas de gênero]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Identidade social]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adams]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Tracey L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Gender and Feminization in Health Care Professions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Sociology Compass]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>454-65</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Agoff]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carolina]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Herrera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cristina]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Entrevistas narrativas y grupos de discusión en el estudio de la violencia de género]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Estudios Sociológicos]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>110</numero>
<issue>110</issue>
<page-range>309-38</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ariza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marina]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Vergüenza, orgullo y humillación: contrapuntos emocionales en la experiencia de la migración laboral femenina]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Estudios Sociológicos]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<numero>103</numero>
<issue>103</issue>
<page-range>65-89</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Babaria]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Palav]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abedin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sakena]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Berg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[David]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nunez-Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marcella]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[&#8216;I&#8217;m too used to it&#8217;: A Longitudinal Qualitative Study of Third Year Female Medical Students&#8217; Experiences of Gendered Encounters in Medical Education]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Social Science &amp; Medicine]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>74</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>1013-20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beagan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Brenda L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Neutralizing Differences: Producing Neutral Doctors for (Almost) Neutral Patients]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Social Science &amp; Medicine]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>51</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>1253-65</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beasley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Chris]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Feminism and Men/Masculinities Scholarship: Connections, Disjunctions and Possibilities]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gottzén]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lucas]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ulf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mellström]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shefer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Tamara]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Routledge International Handbook of Masculinity Studies]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<page-range>31-40</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Nueva York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Routledge]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Blazquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Norma]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El retorno de las brujas. Incorporación, aportaciones y críticas de las mujeres a la ciencia]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro de Investigaciones Interdisciplinarias en Ciencias y Humanidades-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brown]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Michael]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[&#8216;Like a Devoted Army&#8217;: Medicine, Heroic Masculinity, and the Military Paradigm in Victorian Britain]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of British Studies]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>49</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>592-622</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burgess]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Diana J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Joseph]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Anne]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ryn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Michelle Van]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carnes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Molly]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Does Stereotype Threat Affect Women in Academic Medicine?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Academic Medicine]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>87</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>506</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Butler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Judith]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sujetos de sexo/género/deseo]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Feminaria]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>19</numero>
<issue>19</issue>
<page-range>1-20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Butler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Judith]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Fundamentos contingentes: el feminismo y la cuestión del &#8216;postmodernismo]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[La Ventana]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>13</numero>
<issue>13</issue>
<page-range>7-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Canales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Manuel]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peinado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Anselmo]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Grupos de discusión]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delgado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan Manuel]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Métodos y técnicas cualitativas de investigación en ciencias sociales]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<page-range>287-316</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Síntesis]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cassell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Joan]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Doing Gender, Doing Surgery: Women Surgeons in a Man&#8217;s Profession]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Human Organization]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>56</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>47-52</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Roberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Erviti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Joaquina]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Sociología de la práctica médica autoritaria. Violencia obstétrica, anticoncepción inducida y derechos reproductivos]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cuernavaca ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro Regional de Investigaciones Multidisciplinarias-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>Colectivo Médicxs en Formación [@Medsenformacion]</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[7 de marzo. La #misoginia en la #medicina es una realidad y desde el Colectivo, lxs invitamos al #Space para dialogar y plantear soluciones. [Audiograbación del space]]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Twitter]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Davis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Georgiann]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Allison]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rachel]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Increasing Representation, Maintaining Hierarchy: An Assessment of Gender and Medical Specialization]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Social Thought &amp; Research: A Continuation of the Mid-American Review of Sociology]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<page-range>17-45</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Etherington]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cole]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kitto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Simon]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burns]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Joseph K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adams]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Tracey L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Birze]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Arija]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Britton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Meghan]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sukhbir]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Singh]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sylvain]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[How Gender Shapes Interprofessional Teamwork in the Operating Room: A Qualitative Secondary Analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMC Health Services Research]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-16</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Etxebarria]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Itziar]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Las emociones autoconscientes positivas: el orgullo]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández-Abascal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Enrique G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Emociones positivas]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<page-range>167-80</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Pirámide]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fjørtoft]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Karn]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Konge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lars]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Christensen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[John]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thinggard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ebbe]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Overcoming Gender Bias in Assessment of Surgical Skills]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Surgical Education]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>79</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fnais]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Naif]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Soobiah]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Charlene]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Maggie]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lillie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Erin]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perrier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Laure]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tashkhandi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mariam]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Harassment and Discrimination in Medical Training]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Academic Medicine]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>89</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>817-27</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goffman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Erving]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life]]></source>
<year>1959</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Nueva York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Anchor]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hafferty]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Frank]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Beyond Curriculum Reform: Confronting Medicine&#8217;s Hidden Curriculum]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Academic Medicine]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>73</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>403-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Halberstam]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Judith]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Masculinidad femenina]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Egales]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harrington]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carol]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[What is &#8216;Toxic Masculinity&#8217; and Why Does It Matter?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Men and Masculinities]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>345-52</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hill]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Elspeth]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vaughan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Suzanne]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Only Girl in the Room: How Paradigmatic Trajectories Deter Female Students from Surgical Careers]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Medical Education]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>47</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>547-56</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hinze]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Susan W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Gender and the Body of Medicine or at Least Some Body Parts: (Re)Constructing the Prestige Hierarchy of Medical Specialties]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Sociological Quarterly]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>40</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>217-39</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lars-Christer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Hydén]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bülow]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pia]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Who&#8217;s Talking: Drawing Conclusions from Focus Groups / Some Methodological Considerations]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Social Research Methodology]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>305-21</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kalish]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rachel]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kimmel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Michael]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Suicide by Mass Murder: Masculinity, Aggrieved Entitlement, and Rampage School Shootings]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Health Sociology Review]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>451-64</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaufman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Michael]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Men, Feminism, and Men&#8217;s Contradictory Experiences of Power]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kuypers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Joseph A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Men and Power]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<page-range>59-83</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Fernwood Books]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kelly]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Laura]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Irish Medical Student Culture and the Performance of Masculinity, c. 1880-1930]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[History of Education]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>46</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>39-57</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kwon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Eugena]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[For Passion or for Future Family?&#8217; Exploring Factors Influencing Career and Family Choices of Female Medical Students and Residents]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Gender Issues]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>186-200</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lindemann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Hilde]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Holding and Letting Go: The Social Practice of Personal Identities]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Nueva York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Oxford University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juliana]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Dressed Like a Man? Of Language, Bodies, and Monsters in the Trial of Enrique/Enriqueta Favez and its Contemporary Accounts]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of the History of Sexuality]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>188-206</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Milam]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Erika L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nye]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Robert A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[An Introduction to Scientific Masculinities]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Osiris]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-14</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nye]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Robert A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Medicine and Science as Masculine &#8216;Fields of Honor&#8217;]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Osiris]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<page-range>60-79</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pascoe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cherie J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Dude, You&#8217;re a Fag. Masculinity and Sexuality in High School]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Berkeley ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[University of California Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Victoria]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bethune]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cherrie]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hurley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Katrina F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Examining Medical Student Specialty Choice through a Gender Lens: An Orientational Qualitative Study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Teaching and Learning in Medicine]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>33-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smith-Oka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Vania]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Becoming Gods]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[New Brunswick ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Rutgers University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Solnit]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rebecca]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Los hombres me explican cosas]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Madrid ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Capitán Swing Libros]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tabassum]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nayyara]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chiesi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Antonio]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Doing and Undoing Gender in the Hospital Workplace]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Interdisciplinary Feminist Thought]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>2</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Underman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Kelly]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hirshfield]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Laura E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Detached Concern?: Emotional Socialization in Twenty-First Century Medical Education]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Social Science &amp; Medicine]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<numero>160</numero>
<issue>160</issue>
<page-range>94-101</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Médico cirujano]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villanueva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marcia]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Roberto]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sistemas de jerarquización del campo médico en México: un análisis sociológico]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cie&#770;ncia &amp; Sau&#769;de Coletiva]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>2377-86</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villanueva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marcia]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Discriminación, maltrato y acoso sexual en una institución total: la vida secreta de los hospitales escuela]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Interdisciplinaria de Estudios de Género]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villanueva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marcia]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Training as a Transformative Experience: An Analysis of Doctorhood to Question the Professional Identity Formation Paradigm]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Tapuya: Latin American Science, Technology and Society]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villanueva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marcia]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Somos médicos, no dioses. La identidad médica frente a la pandemia Covid-19]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fajardo-Chica]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[David]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hansberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Olbeth]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La vida emocional en la pandemia]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<page-range>77-101</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Secretaría de Desarrollo Institucional-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Viveros]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mara]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Teoría feminista y estudios sobre varones y masculinidades. Dilemas y desafíos recientes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[La manzana de la discordia]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>25-36</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Waitt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gordon]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Warren]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrew]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[&#8216;Talking Shit over a Brew after a Good Session with your Mates&#8217;: Surfing, Space and Masculinity]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Australian Geographer]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>353-65</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B49">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Witte]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Florence M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stratton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Terry D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nora]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lois M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Stories from the Field: Students&#8217; Descriptions of Gender Discrimination and Sexual Harassment During Medical School]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Academic Medicine]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>81</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>648-54</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
