<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2524-177X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista médica del Hospital General de México]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. med. Hosp. Gen. Méx.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2524-177X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Médica del Hospital General de México A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2524-177X2020000300100</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24875/hgmx.19000044</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Bronchial lavage role in human immunodeficiency virus-positive acid-fast negative patients in pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosis]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cicero-Sabido]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Raúl]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Núñez-Pérez-Redondo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bäcker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Claudia A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Luis-Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Elizabeth]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gonzalez-Gonzalez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Heleodora]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Álvarez-Maldonado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pablo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández-Solís]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alejandro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Faculty of Medicine ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Mexico City ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital General de Mexico &#8220;Dr. Eduardo Liceaga&#8221; Secretary of Health Division of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Mexico City ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Secretary of Health Institute of Epidemiological Diagnosis and Reference ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Mexico City ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>83</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>100</fpage>
<lpage>103</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2524-177X2020000300100&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2524-177X2020000300100&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2524-177X2020000300100&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is a world public health problem. Its association with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) occurs as a consequence of immunosuppression that facilitates coinfection.  Materials and methods: A descriptive observational study of consecutive cases from January 6 to September 30, 2016, was made in a tertiary care reference center in Mexico, where HIV-positive patients suspicious of having PTB were negative for bacilli in the acid-fast stain of sputum. Bronchial lavage (BL) was performed and cultures for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) were made to confirm PTB. Some cases were tested with Xpert® MTB/RIF® methodology with a polymerase chain reaction to detect Mtb and its sensitivity to rifampicin.  Results: BL was performed on 82 HIV-positive acid-fast negative patients from whom samples were obtained to search for Mtb through culture. Expectoration smear samples of 26 patients resulted in 21 negatives for Mtb. The remaining five patients turned Ziehl-Neelsen positive as well as positive for Mtb through culture. In the 56 cases of non-expectoration and dry cough, 37 patients were negative for Mtb, seven were positive by culture, and 12 were positive by Xpert. A total of 24 (29.2%) cases were positive for Mtb.  Conclusions: BL facilitates the early diagnosis of PTB in smear-negative HIV-positive patients. Xpert MTB/RIF positive results allowed treatment initiation within 2 h.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Tuberculosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Human immunodeficiency virus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Bronchial lavage]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Culture]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Xpert MTB/RIF]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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