<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2448-9190</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista alergia México]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. alerg. Méx.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2448-9190</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Colegio Mexicano de Inmunología Clínica y Alergia A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2448-91902022000500069</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29262/ram.v69isupl1.1037</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Autoinmunidad en urticaria crónica. Perspectiva histórica y actual]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Autoimmunity in chronic urticaria. A historical and current perspective]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hurtado-Avilés]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Guadalupe]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez-Reculez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Guadalupe Carmen]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vargas-Camaño]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Eugenia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castrejón-Vázquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Isabel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado Centro Médico Nacional 20 de Noviembre ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>69</volume>
<fpage>69</fpage>
<lpage>80</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2448-91902022000500069&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2448-91902022000500069&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2448-91902022000500069&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La urticaria crónica espontánea es una afección que persiste durante más de seis semanas y ocurre en ausencia de un factor desencadenante identificable y resulta de la activación patógena de células cebadas y basófilos. Se plantea la posible etiología autoinmune hasta en 40 % de los pacientes, seguida de infecciones subclínicas y factores psicológicos. Se han propuesto dos mecanismos principales de la patogénesis de la urticaria crónica: la desregulación de las vías de señalización intracelular dentro de las células cebadas y basófilos que conduce a defectos en el tráfico o la función de estas células, así como el desarrollo de autoanticuerpos contra Fc&#949;RI&#945; o IgE, tanto en células cebadas como en basófilos. Numerosas enfermedades autoinmunes como lupus eritematoso sistémico, polimiositis, dermatomiositis y artritis reumatoide se han asociado a urticaria crónica; sin embargo, la enfermedad tiroidea autoinmune merece una mención especial. Se ha encontrado una mayor prevalencia de anticuerpos antitiroideos, independientemente de la función tiroidea (eutiroidismo, hipo e hipertiroidismo), en pacientes con urticaria crónica espontánea. Varias infecciones se han relacionado a urticaria crónica. Existe la mejor evidencia de infección por Helicobacter pylori. Por último, el estrés está asociado al inicio de la enfermedad mediante la activación del sistema simpático y adrenomedular y el eje hipotálamo hipófisis suprarrenal. El diagnóstico puede variar en las diferentes regiones del mundo, pero el rasgo común es la realización de una historia clínica completa.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Chronic spontaneous urticaria is a condition that persists for more than six weeks, it occurs in the absence of an identifiable triggering factor and from the pathogenic activation of mast cells and basophils. The possibility of autoimmune etiology in up to 40 % of patients is presented, followed by subclinical infections and psychological factors. Two main mechanisms of the pathogenesis of chronic urticaria have been proposed: the former is the dysregulation of intracellular signaling pathways within mast cells and basophils, which leads to defects in the traffic or function of these cells. The latter is the development of autoantibodies against Fc&#949;RI&#945; or IgE, in both mast cells and basophils. Numerous autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, polymyositis, dermatomyositis, and rheumatoid arthritis have been associated with chronic urticaria; however, autoimmune thyroid disease deserves a special mention. A higher prevalence of antithyroid antibodies has been found, regardless of thyroid function (euthyroidism, hypo and hyperthyroidism) in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria. Several infections have been linked to chronic urticaria. The best evidence is for Helicobacter pylori infection. Finally, stress is associated with the onset of the disease through the activation of the sympathetic and adrenomedullary system and the hypothalamic-pituitary- adrenal axis. Diagnosis may vary in different regions of the world, but the common feature is the completion of a thorough medical history.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Urticaria crónica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Células cebadas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Enfermedad tiroidea autoinmune]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Chronic urticaria]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mast cells]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Autoimmune thyroid disease]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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