<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2448-9190</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista alergia México]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. alerg. Méx.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2448-9190</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Colegio Mexicano de Inmunología Clínica y Alergia A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2448-91902021000100065</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29262/ram.v68i1.886</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Medidas de riesgo, asociación e impacto en los estudios de investigación clínica. Cómo interpretarlas para su aplicación en la atención médica]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Risk, association, and impact measures in clinical research studies. How to interpret them for their application in medical care]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rendón-Macías]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mario Enrique]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Heladia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villasís-Keever]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Miguel Ángel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Panamericana Facultad de Medicina Departamento de Salud Pública]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI Coordinación de Investigación Médica]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>68</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>65</fpage>
<lpage>75</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2448-91902021000100065&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2448-91902021000100065&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2448-91902021000100065&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Parte del ejercicio de la medicina basada en evidencia incluye el análisis crítico de los estudios de investigación clínica y dentro de este, la interpretación de los resultados presentados. Además de los datos estadísticos, existen estimadores que pueden ayudar a los clínicos a trasladar los hallazgos de las investigaciones a la práctica clínica habitual. Estos estimadores son las medidas de riesgo, asociación e impacto. Las medidas de riesgo informan sobre la incertidumbre o probabilidad en el presente (prevalencia de una enfermedad, sensibilidad, especificidad) o para eventos futuros (incidencia acumulada, densidad de incidencia). Las medidas de asociación se relacionan con la identificación del riesgo para determinar si ciertos factores aumentan o disminuyen la probabilidad del desarrollo de una enfermedad (riesgo relativo, razón de momios, cociente de riesgo). Mientras que las medidas de impacto permiten, entre otros, estimar el efecto de un tratamiento (reducción del riesgo relativo, reducción del riesgo absoluto, número necesario por tratar). En esta revisión se describen, definen y presentan ejemplos de cada uno de estos estimadores.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The practice of evidence-based medicine includes the critical analysis of clinical research studies, and, within it, the interpretation of the results reported. In addition, to statistical data, there are estimators that can help clinicians transfer research findings to routine clinical practice. These estimators are measures of risk, association, and impact. Risk measures report current uncertainty or probability (prevalence of a disease, sensitivity, specificity) or for future events (cumulative incidence, incidence density). Measures of association are related to the identification of the risk in order to determine whether certain factors increase or decrease the probability of development of a disease (relative risk, odds ratio, hazard ratio). While measures of impact allow, among other things, to estimate the effect of a treatment (relative risk reduction, absolute risk reduction, number needed to treat). In this review, each of these estimators is described, defined, and presented with examples.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Medidas de riesgo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Medidas de asociación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Medidas de impacto]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Medicina basada en evidencias]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Risk measures]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Measures of association]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Measures of impact]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Evidence-based medicine]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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