<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2448-8909</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Medicina crítica (Colegio Mexicano de Medicina Crítica)]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Med. crít. (Col. Mex. Med. Crít.)]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2448-8909</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Colegio Mexicano de Medicina Crítica A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2448-89092024000400271</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35366/118217</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Factores más comunes de resistencia bacteriana y su relación con la mortalidad]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Most common factors of bacterial resistance and their relationship with mortality]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Fatores mais comuns de resistência bacteriana e sua relação com a mortalidade]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bernabé Damián]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mari Carmen]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital General La Villa  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>271</fpage>
<lpage>275</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2448-89092024000400271&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2448-89092024000400271&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2448-89092024000400271&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen:  Introducción:  los procesos infecciosos agudos son de los principales padecimientos en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos. La infección de vías respiratorias, abdominales, de heridas quirúrgicas, de vías urinarias, de tejidos blandos, óseos y otros sitios, son desencadenantes de un mal pronóstico en pacientes complicados con choque séptico y falla orgánica múltiple; por esta razón, es necesario el diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno con el esquema antimicrobiano más eficiente, reduciendo de esta forma la resistencia bacteriana.  Objetivo:  describir los factores más comunes de resistencia bacteriana y su asociación con la mortalidad en pacientes ingresados a la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos del Hospital General La Villa.  Resultados:  el total de expedientes clínicos estudiados fueron 99. Las mujeres representaron 72.7% (n = 72). La edad promedio registrada fue 42 ± 15.1 años. La presencia de una o más comorbilidades se detectó en 55 (55.6%) pacientes. La mayoría de casos (n = 55; 55.6%) procedía del Servicio de Urgencias. Los diagnósticos de ingreso más frecuentes fueron choque séptico (n = 30; 30.3%) y traumatismo craneoencéfalico (TCE) (n = 11; 11.1%). Los antibióticos más utilizados fueron imipenem (n = 37; 37.3%) y ceftriaxona (n = 25; 25.2%). La totalidad de pacientes contó con hemocultivo, siendo negativo en 12 (12.1%); de los resultados positivos, ocho (9.2%) fueron multidrogorresistentes, 22 (25.3%) resistentes y 57 (65.5%) sensibles. La mortalidad se asoció significativamente con la ventilación mecánica (p = 0.001) al registrarse en 42 pacientes a los que se administró. La asociación del grupo etario (p = 0.006) y el sexo (p = 0.001) con el resultado del hemocultivo fue estadísticamente significativa. La multidrogorresistencia se presentó principalmente en el grupo de 20-40 años (n = 5). Asimismo, las mujeres fueron quienes presentaron la totalidad de casos de multidrogorresistencia. El diagnóstico de ingreso más frecuente fue choque séptico (n = 30; 30.3%), y de este diagnóstico el sitio de origen más común fue abdominal (n = 17), pulmonar (n = 7), urinario (n = 4), tejidos blandos (n = 2).  Conclusiones:  la inadecuada administración y uso excesivo de antibióticos se asocia con mayor resistencia bacteriana y, por ende, a un incremento el riesgo de mortalidad. El choque séptico de origen pulmonar se asoció con mayor resistencia y mayor mortalidad.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract:  Introduction:  acute infectious processes are one of the main conditions in the Intensive Care Unit, with multiple etiology being common. Respiratory tract, abdominal, surgical wound, urinary tract, soft tissue, bone, and other site infections are triggers for a poor prognosis in patients complicated by septic shock and multiple organ failure. Therefore, timely diagnosis and treatment with the most efficient antimicrobial scheme is necessary, thus reducing bacterial resistance.  Objective:  to describe the most common factors of bacterial resistance and its association with mortality in patients admitted to the intensive care unit of Hospital General La Villa.  Results:  the total number of clinical records studied were 99. Women represented 72.7% (n = 72). The average age recorded was 42 ± 15.1 years. The presence of one or more comorbidities was recorded in 55 (55.6%) patients. The majority of patients (n = 55; 55.6%) came from the emergency department. The most frequent admission diagnoses were septic shock (n = 30; 30.3%) and TBI (n = 11; 11.1%). The most used antibiotics were imipenem (n = 37; 37.3%) and ceftriaxone (n = 25; 25.2%). All patients had blood cultures, being negative in 12 (12.1%); of the positive results, 8 (9.2%) were multidrug resistant, 22 (25.3%) resistant, and 57 (65.5%) sensitive. Mortality was significantly associated with mechanical ventilation (p = 0.001) when recorded in 42 patients to whom it was administered. The association of the age group (p = 0.006) and sex (p = 0.001) with the result of the blood culture was statistically significant. Multidrug resistance occurred mainly in the 20-40-year-old group (n = 5). Likewise, women were the ones who presented all the cases of multiresistance. The most frequent diagnosis on admission was septic shock (n = 30; 30.3%), and the most frequent site of this diagnosis was abdominal (n = 17), pulmonary (n = 7), urinary (n = 4), and soft tissue (n = 2).  Conclusions:  inadequate administration and excessive use of antibiotics is associated with increased bacterial resistance and, therefore, an increased risk of mortality. Septic shock of pulmonary origin was associated with increased resistance and increased mortality.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo:  Introdução:  os processos infecciosos agudos estão entre as principais condições na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. Infecções do trato respiratório, abdominais, de feridas cirúrgicas, do trato urinário, de tecidos moles, ósseas e de outros locais são fatores que desencadeiam um prognóstico ruim em pacientes complicados por choque séptico e falência de múltiplos órgãos. Por esse motivo, é necessário o diagnóstico e o tratamento oportunos com o regime antimicrobiano mais eficiente, reduzindo assim a resistência bacteriana.  Objetivos:  descrever os fatores mais comuns de resistência bacteriana e sua associação com a mortalidade em pacientes internados na unidade de terapia intensiva do Hospital General La Villa.  Resultados:  o número total de registros clínicos estudados foi de 99. As mulheres representaram 72.7% (n = 72). A idade média foi de 42 ± 15.1 anos. A presença de uma ou mais comorbidades foi registrada em 55 (55.6%) pacientes. A maioria dos pacientes (n = 55; 55.6%) veio do departamento de emergência. Os diagnósticos de admissão mais frequentes foram choque séptico (n = 30; 30.3%) e TCE (n = 11; 11.1%). Os antibióticos usados com mais frequência foram imipenem (n = 37; 37.3%) e ceftiaxona (n = 25; 25.2%). As hemoculturas foram negativas em 12 (12.1%) de todos os pacientes; dos resultados positivos, 8 (9.2%) eram multirresistentes, 22 (25.3%) eram resistentes e 57 (65.5%) eram sensíveis. A mortalidade foi significativamente associada à ventilação mecânica (p = 0.001) em 42 pacientes que receberam ventilação mecânica. A associação da faixa etária (p = 0.006) e do sexo (p = 0.001) com o resultado da hemocultura foi estatisticamente significativa. A resistência a múltiplas drogas ocorreu principalmente na faixa etária de 20 a 40 anos (n = 5). Da mesma forma, as mulheres foram responsáveis pela maioria dos casos de resistência a múltiplas drogas. O diagnóstico de admissão mais frequente foi choque séptico (n = 30; 30.3%) e, desse diagnóstico, o local de origem mais frequente foi abdominal (n = 17; ), pulmonar (n = 7), urinário (n = 4) e tecidos moles (n = 2).  Conclusão:  a administração inadequada e o uso excessivo de antibióticos estão associados ao aumento da resistência bacteriana e, portanto, ao aumento do risco de mortalidade, e o choque séptico de origem pulmonar está associado ao aumento da resistência e da mortalidade.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[antibioterapia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[choque séptico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[multirresistencia bacteriana]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sepsis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[antibiotic therapy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[septic shock]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[bacterial multiresistance]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[sepsis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[antibioterapia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[choque séptico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[multiresistência bacteriana]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[sepse]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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