<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2448-8909</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Medicina crítica (Colegio Mexicano de Medicina Crítica)]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Med. crít. (Col. Mex. Med. Crít.)]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2448-8909</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Colegio Mexicano de Medicina Crítica A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2448-89092024000300162</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35366/117778</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Factores de riesgo para infección adquirida en el hospital en COVID-19]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Risk factors for hospital acquired infection in COVID-19]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Fatores de risco para infecção hospitalar por COVID-19]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moran-Guel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Elida]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A a"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A1"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gómez-López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Modesto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delgado-Aguirre]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Héctor Alberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) No. 71 ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Torreón Coahuila]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Politécnico Nacional Escuela Superior de Medicina ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>162</fpage>
<lpage>168</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2448-89092024000300162&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2448-89092024000300162&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2448-89092024000300162&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen:  Introducción:  los pacientes con COVID-19 presentan varios factores, que predisponen a coinfecciones. Principalmente, elevada liberación de citocinas y desregulación del sistema inmune. Así como, las características del paciente y sus comorbilidades.  Objetivo:  evaluar la incidencia de la coinfección, sus patógenos y la asociación entre las características clínicas de los pacientes.  Material y métodos:  se realizó una cohorte histórica. Se incluyeron pacientes con COVID-19 ingresados en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Adultos (UCIA), con resultado positivo a SARS-CoV-2 por RT-PCR, se tomaron cultivos al ingreso. Se excluyeron pacientes sin reportes microbiológicos o que permanecieran menos de 72 horas en la UCIA. Se estudiaron factores propios del individuo y del manejo en la UCIA. La variable dependiente fue infección adquirida en hospital (IAH) confirmada por reporte microbiológico. Se calculó el riesgo relativo (RR) con intervalos de confianza de 95% (IC95%).  Resultados:  se estudiaron 125 expedientes, 69 (55.2%) eran hipertensos, 56 (44.8%) diabéticos. Encontramos una incidencia de IAH de 39.2% (n = 49). En cuanto a la frecuencia de microorganismos aislados, Klebsiella pneumoniae registró 19 casos (15.2%), seguido de E. coli con 11 (8.8%), A. baumannii con cinco (4%); hubo dos casos (1.6%) de coinfección por Aspergillus spp. El uso de tocilizumab presentó a un RR de 2.13 (IC95% 0.92-4.92) para IAH.  Conclusiones:  en nuestro medio, la IAH de pacientes con COVID-19 es alta, mayor a la publicada por otros hospitales. El principal germen aislado fue Klebsiella pneumoniae. No se encontraron factores clínicos asociados a la IAH.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract:  Introduction:  patients with COVID-19 have several factors that predispose to coinfections. Mainly, the elevated release of cytokines and deregulation of the immune system. As well as the characteristics of the patient and their comorbidities.  Objective:  to assess the incidence of coinfection, its pathogens, and the association between the clinical characteristics of patients.  Material and methods:  a historical cohort study. Patients with COVID-19 admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) were included, with positive result for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR, cultures were taken on admission. Patients without microbiological reports or who remained &lt; 72 hours in the ICU were excluded. Factors specific to the individual and management in the ICU were studied. The dependent variable was hospital acquired infection (HAI) confirmed by microbiological report. Relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) was calculated.  Results:  125 files were studied, 69 (55.2%) were hypertensive, 56 (44.8%) diabetic. We found an incidence of HAI of 39.2% (n = 49) of the study cases. Regarding the frequency of microorganisms isolated, Klebsiella pneumoniae 19 cases (15.2%), followed by E. coli 11 (8.8%), A. baumannii five (4%), two cases (1.6%) from coinfection with Aspergillus spp. The use of tocilizumab presented a RR of 2.13 (95% CI 0.92-4.92) for AHI.  Conclusions:  in our setting, the AHI of patients with COVID-19 is high, higher than that published by other hospitals. The main germ isolated was Klebsiella pneumoniae. No clinical factors associated with HAI were found.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo:  Introdução:  os pacientes com COVID-19 têm vários fatores que predispõem à coinfecção. Principalmente, a alta liberação de citocinas e a desregulação do sistema imunológico. Assim como as características e comorbidades do paciente.  Objetivo:  avaliar a incidência de coinfecção, seus agentes patogênicos e a associação entre as características clínicas dos pacientes.  Material e métodos:  foi realizada uma coorte histórica. Incluímos pacientes com COVID-19 internados na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI), com resultado positivo para SARS-CoV-2 por RT-PCR, e as culturas foram coletadas na admissão. Foram excluídos os pacientes sem laudos microbiológicos ou com menos de 72 horas de permanência na UTI. Foram estudados os fatores específicos do indivíduo e o gerenciamento na UTI. A variável dependente foi a infecção adquirida no hospital (IAH) confirmada por laudo microbiológico. Foi calculado o risco relativo (RR) com intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%).  Resultados:  foram estudados 125 arquivos, 69 (55.2%) eram hipertensos e 56 (44.8%) eram diabéticos. Encontramos uma incidência de IAH de 39.2% (n = 49). Com relação à frequência de microrganismos isolados, Klebsiella pneumoniae 19 casos (15.2%), seguida por E. coli 11 (8.8%), A. baumannii 5 (4%), 2 casos (1.6%) de coinfecção por Aspergillus spp. O uso de tocilizumabe apresentou um RR de 2.13 (IC95% 0.92-4.92) para IAH.  Conclusões:  em nosso ambiente, a IAH de pacientes com COVID -19 é alta, maior do que a publicada por outros hospitais. O principal germe isolado foi a Klebsiella pneumoniae. Não foram encontrados fatores clínicos associados à IAH.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[infecciones por bacterias gramnegativas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[factor de riesgo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[coinfección]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[estudio observacional]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Gram-negative bacterial infections]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[risk factors]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[coinfection]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[observational study]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[infecções bacterianas gram-negativas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[fator de risco]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[coinfecção]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[estudo observacional]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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