<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2448-8909</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Medicina crítica (Colegio Mexicano de Medicina Crítica)]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Med. crít. (Col. Mex. Med. Crít.)]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2448-8909</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Colegio Mexicano de Medicina Crítica A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2448-89092023000800638</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35366/115220</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Evaluación del riesgo de disfagia orofaríngea postextubación en terapia intensiva]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Risk assessment of postextubation oropharyngeal dysphagia in the intensive care unit]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Avaliação de risco de disfagia orofaríngea pós-extubação na unidade de terapia intensiva]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martha Mayoral]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Víctor Alfonso]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castro Serrano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alejandro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sumano Gotoo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Amparo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez Díaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Braulia Aurelia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aguirre Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Janet Silvia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro Médico ABC  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<fpage>638</fpage>
<lpage>645</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2448-89092023000800638&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2448-89092023000800638&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2448-89092023000800638&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen:  Introducción:  la disfagia se define como la alteración para deglutir o comer que puede ocurrir en cualquiera de sus fases (oral, faríngea, esofágica). Se puede presentar como un retraso en el tiempo del paso del alimento sólido o líquido desde la cavidad oral hasta el estómago, incrementando el riesgo de presentar complicaciones que van desde reintubación, neumonitis y neumonía por broncoaspiración hasta la insuficiencia respiratoria grave. El propósito del estudio fue la generación de una escala predictiva de riesgo de disfagia orofaríngea en pacientes extubados durante su estancia en terapia intensiva.  Material y métodos:  se realizó un estudio retrospectivo, de cohorte histórica, multivariado. Se analizaron los datos de pacientes ingresados entre enero de 2016 a enero de 2023 que estuvieron intubados más de 24 horas y que posteriormente hubieran tenido una evaluación fibroendoscópica de la deglución. Los factores analizados fueron edad, sexo, puntuación APACHE II, SAPS II y NUTRIC de ingreso, presencia de comorbilidades, días de estancia en unidad de cuidados intensivos, días de intubación orotraqueal, motivo de intubación, uso de corticosteroides e infusión de cisatracurio y necesidad de reintubación.  Resultados:  después de excluir pacientes con antecedente de disfagia, la población estudiada fue de 118 pacientes. Mediante uso de Tablas cruzadas se determinó el OR de presentar disfagia con base en factores analizados y se encontró que la edad &gt; 65 años, antecedente de cáncer, motivo de intubación por SIRPA, días de intubación &gt; 14, necesidad de reintubación, presencia de cánula de traqueostomía, uso de esteroides e infusión de bloqueador neuromuscular, resultaron significativos.  Conclusiones:  se propone el uso de la escala de riesgo para presentar disfagia en terapia intensiva para pacientes extubados, con el objetivo de instauración de recomendaciones para evitar complicaciones vinculadas a alteraciones de la deglución.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract:  Introduction:  dysphagia is defined as an alteration of the process of swallowing or eating that can occur in any of its phases (oral, pharyngeal or esophageal), could be present as retardation of aliment bolus (solid or liquid) from the oral cavity to the stomach, with increasing risks of complications such as need for reintubation, aspiration pneumonia and/or acute respiratory distress syndrome. The purpose of this investigation is the creation of a predictive score that could stratify the risk of presenting dysphagia of recently extubated patients during their stay in the intensive care unit.  Material and methods:  we conducted an observational, retrospective, multivariate study. We analyzed data from patients admitted between 2016 and 2023 with more than 24 hours of mechanical ventilation with endotracheal tube and subsequently received a bedside swallowing evaluation function thru fiberoptic endoscopic visualization (FEES). The factors analyzed included age, sex, admission APACHE II, SAPS II and NUTRIC scores, the presence of comorbidities, intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay, intubation length, ARDS as main cause of intubation, use of steroids and infusion of neuromuscular blockers and need of reintubation.  Results:  after excluding patients with previous dysphagia, our study sample size was 118 patients. Using the chi square test we determined the odds ratio for each factor. We found that the odds ratio of prognostic factors such as age over 65 years, previous history of cancer, ARDS as main cause of intubation, use of steroids and neuromuscular blockers, intubation length and need of reintubation were significant.  Conclusions:  the use of this score could be applied to predict the risk of postextubation oropharyngeal dysphagia, with the goal of implementing means that could prevent complications linked to swallowing disorders.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo:  Introdução:  a disfagia é definida como a alteração na deglutição ou alimentação que pode ocorrer em qualquer uma de suas fases (oral, faríngea, esofágica), podendo se apresentar como um atraso no tempo de passagem de alimentos sólidos ou líquidos da cavidade oral para estômago, aumentando o risco de complicações que vão desde reintubação, pneumonite e pneumonia aspirativa até insuficiência respiratória grave. O objetivo do estudo foi a gerar uma escala preditiva de risco para disfagia orofaríngea em pacientes extubados durante sua permanência na unidade de terapia intensiva.  Materiais e métodos:  realizou-se um estudo retrospectivo, de coorte histórica e multivariado. Analizaram-se dados de pacientes internados entre janeiro de 2016 e janeiro de 2023 que haviam sido intubados por mais de 24 horas e posteriormente receberam avaliação fibroendoscópica da deglutição. Os fatores analisados foram idade, sexo, escore APACHE II, SAPS II e NUTRIC na admissão, presença de comorbidades, dias de permanência na unidade de terapia intensiva (UTI), dias de intubação orotraqueal, motivo da intubação, uso de corticoide e infusão de cisatracúrio e necessidade de reintubação.  Resultados:  após exclusão de pacientes com histórico de disfagia, a população do nosso estudo foi de 118 pacientes. Utilizando tabelas cruzadas, a OR de apresentar disfagia foi determinada com base nos fatores analisados e constatou-se que idade &gt; 65 anos, história de câncer, motivo de intubação por SIRPA, dias de intubação &gt; 14, necessidade de reintubação, presença de traqueostomia com cânula, o uso de esteroides e a infusão de bloqueador neuromuscular foram significativos. Utilizando tabelas cruzadas, a OR de apresentar disfagia foi determinada com base nos fatores analisados e constatou-se que idade &gt; 65 anos, história de câncer, motivo de intubação por SIRPA, dias de intubação &gt;14, necessidade de reintubação, presença de traqueostomia com cânula, o uso de esteroides e a infusão de bloqueador neuromuscular foram significativos.  Conclusões:  propõe-se a utilização da escala de risco para apresentação de disfagia em terapia intensiva para pacientes extubados, com o objetivo de estabelecer recomendações para evitar complicações ligadas aos distúrbios de deglutição.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[escala disfagia orofaríngea]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[riesgo disfagia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[disfagia pacientes extubados]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[disfagia terapia intensiva]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[evaluación endoscópica de la deglución por fibra óptica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[oropharyngeal dysphagia scale]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[dysphagia risk]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[dysphagia extubated patients]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[dysphagia intensive therapy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[escala de disfagia orofaríngea]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[risco de disfagia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[pacientes extubados com disfagia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[disfagia na unidade de terapia intensiva]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[avaliação endoscópica por fibra óptica da deglutição]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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