<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2448-8909</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Medicina crítica (Colegio Mexicano de Medicina Crítica)]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Med. crít. (Col. Mex. Med. Crít.)]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2448-8909</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Colegio Mexicano de Medicina Crítica A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2448-89092017000300152</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Soluciones balanceadas: cloro el «nuevo villano»]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Balanced solutions: chlorine the «new villain»]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Soluções equilibradas: cloro «o novo vilão»]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez Díaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jesús Salvador]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Monares Zepeda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Enrique]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meneses Olguín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cristóbal]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Enrique Antonio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García Méndez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rosalba Carolina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peniche Moguel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Karla Gabriela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huanca Pacaje]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan Marcelo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calyeca Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ma. Verónica]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS) Hospital de Especialidades Núm. 14 ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Veracruz ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital San Ángel Inn Universidad  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de México ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital H+ Querétaro  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Veracruzana Facultad de Medicina Campus Veracruz]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>152</fpage>
<lpage>158</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2448-89092017000300152&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2448-89092017000300152&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2448-89092017000300152&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: Las consecuencias de la reanimación con líquidos por lo regular se han minimizado y aceptado como un «mal necesario». En la mayoría de los casos su origen es iatrogénico. En años recientes se ha prestado mucha atención a las soluciones balanceadas, las cuales poseen una cantidad de electrolitos más parecida al plasma humano que otro tipo de soluciones. El objetivo de esta revisión es conocer aspectos fisiopatológicos y la evidencia actual respecto al uso de soluciones balanceadas en los pacientes críticamente enfermos, resaltar los efectos deletéreos de la hipercloremia y su asociación a malos resultados. Para comprender cómo funcionan las soluciones balanceadas debe conocerse el modelo de Stewart para las alteraciones ácido-base. El interés por la hipercloremia se debe a que la administración de soluciones es la maniobra más común en medicina crítica y a su vez la solución salina al 0.9% es el líquido que principalmente se administra. La solución salina al 0.9% puede convertirse en un «problema» y no en una «solución» si no se selecciona al paciente correcto. Las soluciones balanceadas son una opción, pero no la misma solución para los diferentes casos de pacientes críticamente enfermos.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: The consequences of resuscitation with liquids are usually minimized and accepted as a «necessary evil», in most cases their origin is iatrogenic. Recently much attention has been paid to balanced solutions which have a quantity of electrolytes more similar to human plasma than other types of solutions. The objective of this review is to know the pathophysiological aspects and current evidence regarding the use of balanced solutions in critically ill patients. Highlight the deleterious effects of hyperchloremia and its association with poor results. To understand how balanced solutions work we must know the Stewart Model for acid-base alterations. The interest in hyperchloremia is due to the fact that the administration of solutions is the most common maneuver in acute medicine and in turn the saline solution 0.9% the liquid mostly administered. The saline solution 0.9% can become a «problem» and not a «solution» if we do not select the right patient. Balanced solutions are an option, but not a solution in different populations of critically ill patients.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo: As consequências da reanimação com líquidos são normalmente minimizadas e aceitas como um «mal necessário», na maioria dos casos é de origem iatrogênica. Recentemente se presta muita atenção nas soluções equilibradas que possuem uma quantidade de eletrólitos mais similares ao plasma humano do que outras soluções. O objetivo desta revisão é conhecer aspectos fisiopatológicos e a evidência atual sobre o uso de soluções equilibradas em pacientes em estado crítico. Destacar os efeitos deletérios da hipercloremia e sua associação com resultados desfavoráveis. Para compreeder como funcionam as soluções equilibradas devemos conhecer o modelo de Stewart para as alterações ácido-base. O interesse pela hipercloremia é pelo fato de que a administração de soluções é o procedimento mais comum na medicina aguda e a solução salina a 0.9% é o liquido mais administrado. A solução salina 0.9% pode se tornar um «problema» e não uma «solução» se não selecionamos o paciente correto. As soluções equilibradas são uma opção, mas não uma mesma solução para os diferentes casos de pacientes em estado crítico.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Soluciones balanceadas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[pacientes críticamente enfermos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[hipercloremia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[modelo de Stewart]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Balanced solutions]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[critically ill patients]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hyperchloremia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Stewart model]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Soluções equilibradas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[pacientes em estado crítico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[hipercloremia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[modelo de Stewart]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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