<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2448-8488</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Cuicuilco. Revista de ciencias antropológicas]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Cuicuilco. Rev. cienc. antropol.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2448-8488</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2448-84882024000200035</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Morfología integral: un estudio de la evolución del oído y el lenguaje en fósiles homínidos]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Integral morphology: a study of the evolution of the ear and language in hominid fossils]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López Balderas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sandra Selene]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>90</numero>
<fpage>35</fpage>
<lpage>53</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2448-84882024000200035&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2448-84882024000200035&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2448-84882024000200035&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Este artículo describe, analiza y compara la anatomía del oído externo con la base del cráneo, desde la perspectiva de integración y modularidad craneal, dentro de la familia Hominidae. Por medio de un análisis osteométrico, realizado en los modelos digitales de tomografías computarizadas (CT), del cráneo de diferentes especímenes pertenecientes a los géneros Australopithecus, Homo, Pan, Gorilla, Pongo . Macaca. Se obtuvo como resultado que en todos los géneros analizados existe una correlación positiva entre el oído y la base del cráneo, a su vez, nos indica una posible adaptación en conjunto para producción y percepción de comunicación verbal. De igual manera se comprueba la presencia de variaciones morfológicas especificas en las estructuras anatómicas necesarias para la fonación, como el paladar y la audición, el conducto auditivo externo. Asimismo, se resalta la diferenciación de los humanos anatómicamente modernos, con otros primates, al colocar algunos de los especímenes fósiles en medio de estos dos grupos; estas diferencias dan indicios importantes sobre el posible origen del lenguaje doble articulado, que caracteriza a nuestra especie. Los resultados pueden ser aplicados en otros estudios paleoantropológicos, cuya contribución ayuda a la interpretación de rasgos osteológicos relacionados con la producción y con la percepción del lenguaje humano.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This article describes, analyzes, and compares the anatomy of the outer ear with the cranial base from the perspective of cranial integration and modularity within the Hominidae family. Through an osteometric analysis conducted on digital models of computed tomography (CT) scans of skulls from different specimens belonging to the genera Australopithecus, Homo, Pan, Gorilla, Pongo, and Macaca. The result obtained shows that in all analyzed genera, there is a positive correlation between the ear and the cranial base, indicating a possible joint adaptation for the production and perception of verbal communication. Likewise, the presence of specific morphological variations in the anatomical structures necessary for phonation, such as the palate and audition, such as the external auditory canal, was confirmed. Highlighting a differentiation of anatomically modern humans from other primates and placing some fossils specimens between these two groups. These differences provide important clues about the possible origin of double-articulated language, which characterizes our species. The results can be applied in other paleoanthropological studies, contributing to the interpretation of osteological traits related to the production and perception of human language..]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[evolución del lenguaje]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[antropología virtual]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[paleoantropología]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[oído]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[frecuencias del habla]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[language evolution]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[virtual anthropology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[paleoanthropology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[ear]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[speech frequencies]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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