<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2448-8402</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Ensayos. Revista de economía]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Ens. Rev. econ.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2448-8402</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, a través de la Facultad de Economía con la colaboración del Centro de Investigaciones Económicas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2448-84022025000200159</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29105/ensayos44.2-2</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Rationality, socioeconomic stratum, and educational lag in Mexico]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Racionalidad, estrato socioeconómico y rezago educativo en México]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Loría]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Eduardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jorge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jesús]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,National Autonomous University of Mexico School of Economics Center for Modeling and Economic Forecasting]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>44</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>159</fpage>
<lpage>182</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2448-84022025000200159&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2448-84022025000200159&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2448-84022025000200159&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Objective  Educational lag (EL) affects human capital and significantly limits economic growth and development.  Methodology  Using a cloglog model, we prove the theoretical hypothesis that individuals&#8217; rationality differs across socioeconomic strata: while individuals from lower strata are more likely to experience EL (4.3%), the opposite occurs for higher strata individual (-15.5%).  Results  We also found that, in the absence of any other variables, the probability of EL is as high as 20%; having children 24.3% (the highest in the model); and being male increases it by 9%.  Limitations This work focuses on the factors that &#8220;pull&#8221; students away from formal educational institutions and the model only includes data from 2018.  Main findings  With scenario analysis, we demonstrate that a male from lower socioeconomic stratum, without access to healthcare and with children, faces 61% probability of EL, contrary to 37% for males with the same characteristics in the upper stratum.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Objetivo  El rezago educativo (RE) afecta al capital humano y limita significativamente el crecimiento y el desarrollo económicos.  Método  Utilizando un modelo cloglog, demostramos la hipótesis teórica de que la racionalidad de los individuos difiere según el estrato socioeconómico: mientras que los individuos de estratos más bajos son más propensos a experimentar RE (4,3%), ocurre lo contrario con los individuos de estratos más altos (-15,5%).  Resultados  También descubrimos que, en ausencia de otras variables, la probabilidad de RE es del 20 %; tener hijos, el 24,3 % (la más alta del modelo); y ser hombre la aumenta en un 9%.  Limitaciones  Este trabajo se centra en los factores que &#8220;alejan&#8221; a los estudiantes de las instituciones educativas formales y el modelo solo incluye datos de 2018.  Principales hallazgos  Mediante análisis de escenarios, demostramos que un hombre de un estrato socioeconómico bajo, sin acceso a la atención médica y con hijos, tiene un 61% de probabilidades de sufrir RE, frente al 37 % de los hombres con las mismas características del estrato superior.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[rationality]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[socioeconomic stratum]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[human capital]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[complementary log-log model]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[C25]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[D01]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[J24]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[D91]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[racionalidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[estrato socioeconómico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[capital humano]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[modelo log-log complementario]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[C25]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[D01]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[J24]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[D91]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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