<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2448-718X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[El trimestre económico]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[El trimestre econ]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2448-718X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fondo de Cultura Económica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2448-718X2019000400901</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20430/ete.v86i344.970</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Desindustrialización, desindustrialización &#8220;prematura&#8221; y &#8220;síndrome holandés&#8221;]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Deindustrialization, &#8220;premature&#8221; deindustrialization, and &#8220;Dutch disease&#8221;]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Palma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Gabriel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Cambridge  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>United Kingdom</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>86</volume>
<numero>344</numero>
<fpage>901</fpage>
<lpage>966</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2448-718X2019000400901&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2448-718X2019000400901&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2448-718X2019000400901&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La frustración en América Latina con las reformas económicas neoliberales ha reabierto una serie de debates, en especial sobre desigualdad (Palma, 2019a) y productividad (Palma, 2019c)-en 2018, la productividad promedio de la región fue sólo 8% superior a la de 1980, esto equivale a un crecimiento promedio anual de apenas 0.2%-. Durante el ciclo anterior, de 1950 a 1980, en cambio, ésta se duplicó y más, con una tasa de crecimiento de 2.8% anual. Uno de estos debates es sobre el problema de la desindustrialización -en especial, si es &#8220;prematura&#8221; o con un componente de &#8220;síndrome holandés&#8221;-. Este trabajo analiza el rol de la manufactura en el crecimiento y la dinámica que ha seguido la desindustrialización tanto en países de ingresos altos como medios. Concluye que el éxito del Asia emergente radica, fundamentalmente, en su pragmatismo ideológico, el cual lo llevó en la década de los ochenta y principios de los noventa a usar las reformas como un mecanismo para fortalecer y acelerar sus ambiciosos procesos de industrialización -y no para llevar a cabo una &#8220;destrucción no creativa&#8221; de su manufactura, como sucedió en casi toda América Latina-. Esto a pesar de que muchos de los procesos de industrialización en el Asia emergente padecían en su momento de problemas similares (si no peores) a los de la industrialización latinoamericana.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The frustration in Latin America with neoliberal economic reforms has reawakened a number of debates, especially about inequality (Palma, 2019a) and productivity growth Palma (2019c) -in 2018, the region&#8217;s average productivity was just 8% higher than in 1980, equivalent to an annual average growth rate of just 0.2%-. Meanwhile, in the previous cycle, from 1950 to 1980, productivity levels more than doubled, with an annual growth rate of 2.8%. One of these debates is related to the problem of deindustrialization -in particular, the question of whether it is &#8220;premature&#8221; or if it includes a component of &#8220;Dutch disease&#8221;-. This paper analyses the role of manufacturing in economic growth, and shows the dynamics of that deindustrialization in high&#8209;income as well as middle&#8209;income countries. It concludes that the success of emerging Asia is rooted in its ideological pragmatism, which led it in the 1980s and early 1990s to use reforms as a mechanism for strengthening and accelerating their already ambitious processes of industrialization -not for carrying out a &#8220;non&#8209;creative destruction&#8221; of their manufacturing, as happened in almost all of Latin America-. This in spite of the fact that many of the industrialization processes in emerging Asia suffered, in its time, from similar problems to those experienced by Latin American industrialization, if not worse.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[desindustrialización]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[desindustrialización prematura]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[síndrome holandés]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[América Latina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[reformas neoliberales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ideología]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[rol de la manufactura en el crecimiento económico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Deindustrialization]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[premature deindustrialization]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Dutch disease]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Latin America]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[neoliberal reforms]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[ideology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[rol of manufacturing in economic growth]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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