<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2448-718X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[El trimestre económico]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[El trimestre econ]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2448-718X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fondo de Cultura Económica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2448-718X2017000300571</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20430/ete.v84i335.508</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Energías renovables y desarrollo económico. Un análisis para España y las grandes economías europeas]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Renewable Energy and Economic Development. An Analysis for Spain and the Biggest European Economies]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caraballo Pou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Ángeles]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García Simón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juana María]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Sevilla Departamento de Economía e Historia Económica ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Junta de Andalucía Gabinete de Análisis Macroeconómico ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>España</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>84</volume>
<numero>335</numero>
<fpage>571</fpage>
<lpage>609</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2448-718X2017000300571&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2448-718X2017000300571&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2448-718X2017000300571&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen:  Antecedentes:  Este trabajo evalúa la sostenibilidad del modelo de desarrollo económico español en el periodo 1980-2010. Asimismo, realiza un análisis comparativo con las grandes economías europeas: Alemania, Francia, Italia y Reino Unido.  Metodología:  Para alcanzar el objetivo del trabajo se han empleado técnicas de cointegración. Mediante estas técnicas se analiza la relación a largo plazo del consumo de energías renovables y no renovables con el desarrollo económico y la contaminación en el periodo 1980-2010. Tras un proceso de selección de variables, para España se ha utilizado el Producto Interno Bruto (PIB) y la Formación Bruta de Capital, para medir el crecimiento, el Índice de Desarrollo Humano y el Capital Social, para el desarrollo, las emisiones de CO2 para la contaminación, el consumo de energía renovable en el sistema eléctrico y el consumo de petróleo para el consumo de energía renovable y no renovable, respectivamente. En segundo lugar, se han comparado los resultados obtenidos para la economía española con las cuatro economías más grandes de la Unión Europea: Alemania, Francia, Italia y Reino Unido. Dada la disponibilidad de datos, para estos países se ha excluido del análisis la Formación Bruta de Capital y el Índice de Desarrollo Humano.  Resultados:  En primer lugar, para los cinco países analizados se comprueba un impacto positivo del consumo de energía renovable y no renovable sobre el crecimiento y el desarrollo, con un impacto mayor de las energías no renovables. Para los tres países en los que se han incluido las emisiones de CO2 (España, Francia y Reino Unido), el efecto reductor de las renovables sobre las emisiones de CO2 es menor que el efecto contaminante de las no renovables. En segundo lugar, para España, Alemania y Francia se aprecia un proceso de retroalimentación entre el consumo de no renovables, el crecimiento y el desarrollo, que no se observa con el consumo de energía renovable.  Conclusiones:  Para conciliar el objetivo de crecimiento con el de reducción de la contaminación se precisan tasas de crecimiento más moderadas. El modelo de crecimiento de los países analizados estimula el consumo de energía no renovable, pero no el de las renovables. Esto apunta hacía la necesidad de diseñar políticas que estimulen la sustitución de energía no renovable por renovable.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Background:  This paper assesses the sustainability of the Spanish economic devel-opment model for the period 1980-2010. Moreover, we carry out a comparative analysis with the biggest European economies: France, Germany, Italy and United Kingdom.  Methods:  In order to achieve the aim of this paper, cointegration techniques have been applied. Through these techniques, we have analyzed the long-term rela-tionship between consumption of renewable and non-renewable and economic development and pollution during the period 1980-2010. After a selection pro-cess, for Spain we have used to measure growth the GDP and the Gross Capital Formation; to measure development, the Index of Human Development and Social Capital; for pollution, the emissions of CO2 and consumption of renew-able energy in the electricity system and oil consumption for the consumption of renewable and non-renewable, respectively. Secondly, we have compared the results obtained for the Spanish economy with the four biggest economies in the European Union: Germany, France, Italy and the United Kingdom. Given the availability of data for these countries Gross Capital Formation and Human Development Index have been excluded from the analysis.  Results:  First, a positive impact of consumption of renewable and renewable energy on growth and development is found for the five countries under study, with a greater impact of non-renewable energy. For the three countries for which the data for CO2 emissions are available (Spain, France and the UK), it is ob-served that the reducing effect of renewable energy on CO2 emissions is less than the polluting effect of non-renewable energy. Second, for Spain, Germany and France, the data point out a feedback process between the consumption of non-renewable and growth and development, which is not observed with the consumption of renewable energy.  Conclusions:  In order to reconcile the objective of growth with the reduction of pollution, more moderate growth rates are required. The growth model of the countries analyzed stimulates consumption of non-renewable energy, but not renewable. This result points out the requirement of designing policies that encourage the substitution of non-renewable energy by renewable energy.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sostenibilidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[desarrollo económico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[energía renovable]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[energía no renovable]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[sustainability]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[economic development]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[renewable energy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[non-renewable energy]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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