<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2448-718X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[El trimestre económico]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[El trimestre econ]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2448-718X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fondo de Cultura Económica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2448-718X2013000100043</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Los clusters y el uso de marcas colectivas en consorcios de exportación]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thompson Chaudhry]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Theresa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Escuela de Economía de Lahore departamento de Economía ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Pakistan</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2013</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2013</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>80</volume>
<numero>317</numero>
<fpage>43</fpage>
<lpage>76</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2448-718X2013000100043&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2448-718X2013000100043&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2448-718X2013000100043&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: En el presente artículo se elabora un modelo teórico para analizar las condiciones en que un grupo de empresas organizadas en cluster de un país en desarrollo puede asociarse de manera cooperativa y conformar un consorcio de exportación para comercializar colectivamente sus productos en el mercado de un país desarrollado. El consorcio elimina el papel de las empresas intermediarias en el país desarrollado. La calidad esperada de la producción de las empresas del cluster es heterogénea. Las empresas del cluster conocen el tipo de calidad de otras empresas, pero el intermediario extranjero, no. Sin embargo, el intermediario extranjero tiene un costo de comercialización inferior al de las empresas del cluster. Incluso al hacer suposiciones favorables acerca de las ganancias de la cooperación intracluster, el modelo muestra que la comercialización colectiva que se realiza en un consorcio sólo puede ocurrir entre empresas de alta calidad, y sólo dentro de valores de parámetros limitados. El aumento en el diferencial de la calidad entre las empresas de baja y alta calidad amplía el rango de los valores de parámetros para los cuales se presenta la comercialización colectiva de las empresas de alta calidad del cluster. Hay una mayor eficiencia social si el intermediario extranjero comercializa la producción del cluster, pero la creíble amenaza de un consorcio puede conducir a una redistribución del superávit a favor del cluster.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: This paper develops a theoretical model to examine the conditions under which clustered firms in a less developed country may cooperate in an export consortium to market their output collectively in a developed country. The consortium eliminates the role of an intermediary firm in the developed country. The clustered firms are heterogeneous in expected quality of output. The clustered firms know the quality type of other firms, but the foreign intermediary does not. The foreign intermediary, however, has a lower marketing cost than the clustered firms. Even when making favorable assumptions about the gains from intra-cluster cooperation, the model shows that collective marketing through a consortium can only occur among high quality type firms, and only for limited parameter values. Increasing the quality differential between low and high quality firms widens the range of parameter values for which collective marketing by the high quality cluster firms takes place. It is more socially efficient for the foreign intermediary to market the cluster's output, but the credible threat of a consortium can lead of a redistribution of surplus in favor of the cluster.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[acción colectiva]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[comercialización]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[aglomeración]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[heterogeneidad de la calidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[exportación]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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