<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2448-718X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[El trimestre económico]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[El trimestre econ]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2448-718X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fondo de Cultura Económica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2448-718X2011000200441</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Rendimientos privados de la educación superior en México en 2006. Un modelo de corrección del sesgo por autoselección]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Austria Carlos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marco Antonio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Venegas-Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francisco]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Politécnico Nacional Escuela Superior de Economía ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2011</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2011</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>78</volume>
<numero>310</numero>
<fpage>441</fpage>
<lpage>468</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2448-718X2011000200441&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2448-718X2011000200441&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2448-718X2011000200441&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen En esta investigación se estiman los rendimientos marginales de la educación superior (ES) en México y se evalúa su efecto en los salarios de los individuos que concluyeron una carrera profesional o un posgrado. La estimación de los rendimientos se realiza mediante el procedimiento sugerido por Heckman et al (2000) y (2001). La información utilizada para la estimación emplea una muestra de la Encuesta Nacional de Ingresos y Gastos de los Hogares (ENIGH) 2006 que incluye sólo individuos que aún viven con sus padres. El procedimiento de estimación propuesto corrige los problemas asociados con la heterogeneidad y la autoselección de los individuos. El principal resultado de esta investigación, apoyado por la evidencia empírica, es que los rendimientos marginales de la ES y el efecto en los ingresos son ambos positivos.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The aim of this research is to estimate the marginal returns of higher education in Mexico and assess its impact on wages of individuals ending a career or graduate studies. The estimation is carried out through the procedure suggested by Heckman et al (2000 and 2001). The information used for the estimation employs a sample from the National Survey of Income and Expenditure of Households (ENIGH) 2006 that includes only individuals who still live with their parents. The proposed estimation procedure corrects the problems associated with heterogeneity and self-selection of individuals. The main result of this research, supported by empirical evidence, is that both marginal returns of higher education and impact on wages are positive.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Rendimientos de educación superior]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[autoselección]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Returns to Education in Spain]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alba-Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[San Segundo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Economics of Education Review]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>155-66</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Population and Poverty: the Real Score]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alonzo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Balisacan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Canlas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[University of Philippines]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Demand for and Return to Education when Education Outcomes Are Uncertain]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Altonji]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Labor Economics]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>48-83</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Effects of Family Characteristics on the Return to Education]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Altonji]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dunn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Review of Economics and Statistics]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>78</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>692-704</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Returns to Education in Spain: Some Evidence on the Endogeneity of Schooling]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arrazola]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Hevia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Risueño]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sanz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Education Economics]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>293-304</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Estimates of the Economic Return to Schooling]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ashenfelter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krueger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The American Economic Review]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<volume>84</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>1157-73</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Asplund]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pereira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Returns to Human Capital in Europe. A Literature Review]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Helsinki ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[ETLA]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Evaluación del impacto de los proyectos de desarrollo en la pobreza]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington, D. C. ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Banco Mundial]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barceinas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Capital humano y rendimientos de la educación en México]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Investment in Human Capital: A Theoretical Analysis]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Becker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Political Economy]]></source>
<year>1962</year>
<volume>70</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>9-49</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Becker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Human Capital: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis, with Special Reference to Education]]></source>
<year>1964</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[National Bureau of Economic Research]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bracho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zamudio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Rendimientos económicos a la escolaridad I: discusión teórica y métodos de estimación]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CIDE]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bracho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Rendimientos económicos a la escolaridad II: estimaciones para el caso mexicano]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CIDE]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Campbell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stanley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Diseños experimentales y cuasi-experimentales en la investigación social]]></source>
<year>1973</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Buenos Aires ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Amorrortu]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Card]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Causal Effect of Education on Earnings]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ashenfelter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Card]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Handbook of Labor Economics]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[North-Holland, Amsterdam ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Card]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Estimating the Return to Schooling: Progress on Some Persistent Econometric Problems]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[NBER]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carneiro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Heckman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vytlacil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Estimating the Returns to Education when It Varies among Individuals]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[University of Chicago]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carneiro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Heckman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Estimating Distributions of Treatment Effects with an Application to the Returns to Schooling and Measurement of the Effects of Uncertainty of College Choice]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Earnings and Schooling in Mexico]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carnoy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Economic Development and Cultural Change]]></source>
<year>1967</year>
<page-range>408-18</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Economics Returns to Lifelong Learning in OECD Countries]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cohn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Addison]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Education Economics]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>253-307</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Del Razo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Estudio de la brecha salarial entre hombres y mujeres 1994-2001]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Secretaría de Desarrollo Social]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[El sesgo de selección en la actividad de jóvenes y mujeres]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Diez de Medina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Suma]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>13</numero>
<issue>13</issue>
<page-range>69-85</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[An Economic Analysis of Earnings and Schooling]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hanoch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Human Resources]]></source>
<year>1967</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>310-29</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Total and Private Rates of Return to Investment in Schooling]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hansen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Political Economy]]></source>
<year>1963</year>
<volume>71</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>128-40</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Returns to Education: Microeconomics]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harmon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oosterbeek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Walter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Economic Surveys]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>115-55</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harmon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Walker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Westergaard-Nielsen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Education and Earnings in Europe. A Cross Country Analysis of the Returns to Education]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cheltenham ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Edward Elgar]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Estimates of the Economic Return to Schooling for the United Kingdom]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harmon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[American Economic Review]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<volume>85</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>1278-86</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Instrumental Variables: A Study of Implicit Behavioral Assumptions Used In Making Program Evaluations]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Heckman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Human Resources]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>441-62</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Heckman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vytlacil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Identifying the Role of Cognitive Ability in Explaining the Level of and Change in the Return to Schooling]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge, Mass. ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[NBER]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Heckman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tobias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vytlacil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Simple Estimators for Treatment Parameters in a Latent Variable Framework with an Application to Estimating the Returns to Schooling]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[NBER]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Four Parameters of Interest in the Evaluation of Social Programs]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Heckman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tobias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vytlacil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Southern Economic Journal]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>68</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>210-23</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Heckman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Structural Equations, Treatment Effects and Econometric Policy Evaluation]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[NBER]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiménez Villacís]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Influencia de los padres en el rendimiento escolar de sus hijos]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad del Mayab]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mexico: Evolution of Earnings Inequality and Rates of Returns to Education (1988-2002)]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López-Acevedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Estudios Económicos]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>211-84</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Relative Returns to Human and Physical Capital in the U. S. and Efficient Investment Strategies]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McMahon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W. W. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Economics of Education Review]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>283-96</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mincer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Schooling, Experience and Earnings]]></source>
<year>1974</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[National Bureau of Economic Research]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moffitt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Estimating Marginal Returns to Higher Education in the UK]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[National Bureau of Economic Research]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Sensitiviy of an Empirical Model of Married Women's Hours of Work to Economic and Statistical Assumptions]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mroz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Econometrica]]></source>
<year>1987</year>
<volume>55</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>765-99</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[México: capital humano e ingresos. Retornos a la educación, 1994-2005]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ordaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[CEPAL, Serie Estudios y Perspectivas]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<numero>90</numero>
<issue>90</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Psacharopoulos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Returns to Investment in Education: A Global Update]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Banco Mundial]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Psacharopoulos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patrinos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Returns to Investment in Education: A Further Update]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Banco Mundial]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-Oreggia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Institutions, Geography and the Regional Evolution of Returns to Schooling in México]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Santa Fe, México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto de Investigaciones sobre Desarrollo Sustentable y Equidad Social, Universidad Iberoamericana]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Rentabilidad de la inversión en capital humano en México]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rojas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Angulo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Velásquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Economía Mexicana]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>113-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[El rendimiento de la inversión en capital humano: el caso de las profesiones médicas]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Estadística Española]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>49</volume>
<numero>166</numero>
<issue>166</issue>
<page-range>531-61</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Family Background and Returns to Schooling in Spain]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[San Segundo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valiente]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Education Economics]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>39-52</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Rendimiento de la escolaridad en México: una aplicación del método de variables instrumentales para 1998]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sarimaña]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Gaceta de Economía]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>14</numero>
<issue>14</issue>
<page-range>85-125</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Investment in Human Capital]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schultz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[American Economic Review]]></source>
<year>1961</year>
<volume>51</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-17</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Desarrollo del capital humano y reducción de la pobreza en el Salvador]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Skipper]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Comercio Exterior]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>56</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>968-76</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B49">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Willms]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Learning Divides: Ten Policy Questions about the Performance and Equity of Schools and Schooling Systems]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Montreal ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[UNESCO]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B50">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zamudio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bracho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Rendimientos económicos a la escolaridad III: el problema de sesgo por elección]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CIDE]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B51">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Rendimientos a la educación superior en México: Ajuste por sesgo utilizando máxima verosimilitud]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zamudio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Economía Mexicana , Nueva Época]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>69-91</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
