<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2448-718X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[El trimestre económico]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[El trimestre econ]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2448-718X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fondo de Cultura Económica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2448-718X2009000400887</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[El sector informal en México. Hechos y explicaciones fundamentales]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Loayza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Norman]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sugawara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Naotaka]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Banco Mundial  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2009</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2009</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>76</volume>
<numero>304</numero>
<fpage>887</fpage>
<lpage>920</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2448-718X2009000400887&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2448-718X2009000400887&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2448-718X2009000400887&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: Partiendo de una definición legal de la informalidad, este artículo estudia las causas de la informalidad en general y su aplicación al caso particular de México. El artículo comienza con un análisis de la definición y los índices de la informalidad. Acto seguido, argumenta y aporta pruebas de que la informalidad es no sólo un reflejo del subdesarrollo, sino que podría también ser la fuente de un mayor atraso económico. Posteriormente se analiza los principales determinantes de la informalidad, a la vez que se argumenta que la informalidad no es resultado de una causa única sino de la combinación de las deficiencias de los servicios públicos, un régimen normativo gravoso y la poca capacidad del Estado para supervisar la actividad y hacer valer la ley. Esta combinación resulta particularmente explosiva cuando el país en análisis tiene escaso rendimiento educacional y está sometido a presiones demográficas y estructuras productivas primarias. Por último, se evalúa la relevancia empírica de cada uno de los determinantes de la informalidad en el caso específico de México.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: Adopting a legal definition of informality, this paper studies the causes of informality in general and with a particular application to Mexico. It starts with a discussion on the definition and measures of informality. It then argues and provides evidence that informality is not only a reflection of under development but may also be the source of further economic retardation. Next, the paper analyzes informality&#8217;s main determinants, arguing that informality is not single-caused but results from the combination of poor public services, a burdensome regulatory regime, and weak monitoring and enforcement capacity by the state. This combination is especially explosive when the country suffers from low educational achievement and features demographic pressures and primary production structures. The paper then evaluates the empirical relevance of each determinant of informality to the specific case of Mexico.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[regulación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[desempeño del gobierno]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[crecimiento económico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[economía informal]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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