<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2448-718X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[El trimestre económico]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[El trimestre econ]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2448-718X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fondo de Cultura Económica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2448-718X2006000100087</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.20430/ete.v73i289.553</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Las reformas a la seguridad social y el comportamiento del mercado laboral en Brasil]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carneiro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francisco Galrão]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Henley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrew]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Suárez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Eduardo L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Católica de Brasília  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Swansea University Escuela de Negocios y Economía ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>United Kingdom</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>73</volume>
<numero>289</numero>
<fpage>87</fpage>
<lpage>124</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2448-718X2006000100087&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2448-718X2006000100087&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2448-718X2006000100087&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: El artículo usa datos de series temporales agregadas para estimar elasticidades de demanda por trabajo formal e informal respecto a salarios reales. Los resultados del análisis de largo plazo sugieren que el empleo en el sector formal es más elástico que en el sector informal. Por tanto, un incremento de los salarios reales en el sector formal, causado, por ejemplo, por un incremento de las contribuciones a la seguridad social que son reflejadas en mayores salarios reales brutos por medio de negociación colectiva, puede deteriorar el empleo formal. El efecto opuesto causado por el incremento en el empleo informal será menor, lo que sugiere que los empleados del sector formal serán desplazados hacia el desempleo. El artículo concluye que una baja elasticidad de oferta (relativa) combinada con una demanda (relativamente) más elástica sugiere que políticas encaminadas a aumentar la oferta relativa de empleo formal serían más eficientes en incrementar la protección social que intentos de aumentar la demanda de empleo formal. Sin embargo, empleadores y empleados necesitan percibir que los beneficios de la protección social son mayores que los costos. Por tanto, las políticas deben ser dirigidas a la elaboración eficiente de sistemas de protección social a bajo costo para todos, en vez del actual rígido y caro modelo brasileño.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: The article uses aggregate time series data to estimate real wage elasticities of demand for covered and uncovered labour. The results of long-run analysis suggest that the demand for convered sector employment is more elastic tan for uncovered. So increased formal sector real wages, for example caused by increased social security contributions which are passed on through collective bargaining into higher real gross wages, will damage covered employment. Any mitigating effect on increased uncovered employment will be less, suggesting that some covered employees will be displaced from the formal labor market into unemployment. The article concludes that a low (relative) supply elasticity combined with more elastic demand elasticities suggests that policies to engineering a shift in relative supply towards covered employment will be more effective in increasing social protection, than attempts to increase demand for covered employment. However both employees and employers need to perceive that the benefits of social protection outweigh the costs. Therefore, policy should be directed towards designing efficient and effective systems of social protection available at low cost for all, rather than the current, rigid, expensive, "one size fits all" model currently in operation in Brazil.]]></p></abstract>
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<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[salario mínimo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[empleo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[análisis de cointegración]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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