<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2448-6760</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Veterinaria México OA]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Veterinaria México OA]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2448-6760</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2448-67602016000100001</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21753/vmoa.3.1.356</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Level of agreement in the recognition of pain among equine practitioners in Chile]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Concordancia entre médicos veterinarios que trabajan en Chile]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Luna Fernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daniela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yáñez López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Manuel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tadich Gallo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Tamara A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,CONICYT  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Chile  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santiago ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Chile Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias Departamento de Medicina Preventiva Animal]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Chile Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias Departamento de Fomento de la Producción Animal]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Santiago Chile]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>0</fpage>
<lpage>0</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2448-67602016000100001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2448-67602016000100001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2448-67602016000100001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: Pain is a relevant component of animal welfare, and its appropriate recognition is essential for the establishment of effective analgesic therapy. The aim of this study was to determine the level of agreement in the recognition of pain in equines among veterinarians (equine practitioners). The effects of gender and age on pain recognition were also studied. The equine practitioners were asked to use a simple descriptive scale to score 25 digital color photographs of horses experiencing different painful conditions. The kappa coefficient for multiple raters was used to determine the degree of agreement. Descriptive statistics was used to estimate the severity of the pain, and the Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test was used to determine the effect of the rater&#8217;s gender and age. Thirty-four equine practitioners replied to the questionnaire. A poor level of agreement between equine practitioners was found (global kappa = 0.2871, CI 95% = 0.2032-0.3702); the agreement was stronger for those painful conditions with higher scores (maximum pain). No significant differences (P &gt; 0.05) were found for pain scoring in relation to the practitioner&#8217;s age and gender. This study is the first in Chile to explore the level of agreement in the recognition of pain in equines. It emphasizes the poor level of agreement between equine practitioners in the recognition of pain, which could compromise the establishment of appropriate analgesic treatments and result in poor animal welfare. Further studies are required to determine and promote understanding of the factors affecting veterinarians&#8217; attitudes towards the recognition and management of pain in equine species.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: El dolor es un componente relevante del bienestar animal y su adecuado reconocimiento es esencial para el establecimiento de una terapia eficaz. Por esto, en esta investigación se planteó como objetivo conocer tanto el nivel de concordancia que los médicos veterinarios (MV) dedicados a la práctica equina manifiestan en el reconocimiento del dolor, como la posibilidad de que el género y la edad de estos profesionales de la medicina equina afecten la calificación de tal reconocimiento. Se encuestaron 34 MV de equinos, quienes calificaron, a través de una escala descriptiva simple (EDS), 25 fotografías de equinos que experimentaban diferentes condiciones dolorosas. El grado de concordancia se precisó a través del coeficiente de kappa, que mide el grado de acuerdo entre múltiples evaluadores. Se utilizaron análisis estadísticos descriptivos para estimar la severidad del dolor, y la prueba no paramétrica Kruskal-Wallis para precisar si el género y la edad de los evaluadores estaban implicados en la calificación del dolor. El grado de concordancia entre los MV que contestaron un cuestionario cerrado de opción múltiple fue pobre (kappa global = 0.2871, IC 95% = 0.2032-0.3702). Las condiciones de máximo dolor registraron el nivel más elevado de concordancia. No se encontraron diferencias significativas (P &gt; 0.05) en las puntuaciones con respecto a la edad y el género del encuestado. Este estudio, que explora la concordancia en el reconocimiento del dolor en equinos, es el primero que se lleva a cabo en Chile. Como se ha dicho, pocos MV coincidieron en el reconocimiento de la intensidad del dolor, lo cual podría dificultar el establecimiento de tratamientos apropiados y, en consecuencia, afectaría el bienestar de los animales. Se requieren estudios ulteriores para determinar y entender los factores que afectan el reconocimiento y manejo del dolor en esta especie.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Agreement]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Animal welfare]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Equine]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Pain]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Veterinarians]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Concordancia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Bienestar animal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Equinos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Dolor]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Veterinario]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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