<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2448-654X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Estudios de Asia y África]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Estud. Asia Áfr.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2448-654X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[El Colegio de México A.C.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2448-654X2016000300599</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Cruzar el río con las sandalias puestas: radicalismo antiestatista y conservadurismo social en la India británica]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Crossing the River with Sandals on: Anti-statist Radicalism and Social Conservatism in British India]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kent Carrasco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daniel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,King&#8217;s College King&#8217;s India Institute ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ London]]></addr-line>
<country>United Kingdom</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>51</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>599</fpage>
<lpage>621</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2448-654X2016000300599&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2448-654X2016000300599&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2448-654X2016000300599&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Durante las últimas décadas del siglo XIX y las primeras del XX, una irresoluble contradicción entre la retórica radical dirigida a la emancipación nacional y la práctica política incapaz de cuestionar jerárquicas estructuras sociales de casta, empapó el proyecto nacionalista anticolonial indio en su conjunto. Esto ha contribuido al desarrollo de una ambigüedad no resuelta entre, por un lado, un marcado radicalismo en lo que concierne a la oposición a las estructuras y las formas del Estado y, por otro, el conservadurismo frente a las jerarquías internas de la sociedad durante este periodo. Esta ambigüedad ha tenido efectos claros en el desarrollo de las prácticas y los imaginarios de la política en la India independiente. De ella han participado figuras y corrientes que van desde el nacionalismo secular del Partido del Congreso y la adopción del legado gandhiano basado en la idea del swaraj o autogobierno como autonomía, hasta los diferentes intérpretes del corpus marxista en la India contemporánea. De igual forma, es una ambigüedad que marca no sólo las prácticas de gobierno y administración, sino también, y en igual medida, los imaginarios de protesta y oposición al poder. En este artículo me interesa explorar la presencia y las premisas de esta ambigüedad fundacional a través de un estudio del debate público de la India británica en las últimas décadas del siglo XIX y las primeras del XX basado en el análisis y la yuxtaposición de dos momentos de su historia intelectual y, en especial, de la región de Bengala. El primero, de sobra conocido y analizado a fondo por historiadores del colonialismo y el nacionalismo en India, concierne a la crítica nacionalista a la pobreza generada por las políticas económicas del Estado colonial a lo largo del siglo XIX. Esta corriente de crítica anticolonial incluye los argumentos de figuras canónicas del liberalismo indio, como Dadabhai Naoroji, R. C. Dutt o Prithwis Chandra Ray, así como de otros miembros de la intelligentsia decimonónica. El segundo, considerablemente menos estudiado, abarca un conjunto de escritos que abordan la relevancia del sistema de castas para entender la expansión en India de ideas y principios asociados con el radicalismo de izquierda de tintes socialistas a partir del tercer cuarto del siglo XIX. A través del análisis de este material me interesa afirmar que el radicalismo del nacionalismo anticolonial indio que surge del movimiento swadeshi -que defendió diversos programas que iban desde el socialismo revolucionario hasta la sarvodaya gandhiana- representó un programa revolucionario sólo en términos antiimperialistas y respecto a la transformación de las estructuras del Estado, mientras que permaneció profundamente conservador en su postura acerca de las jerarquías internas de la sociedad india.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract During the turn of the twentieth century anticolonial nationalism in British India was tinged by an irresolvable contradiction posed by the defense of a radical rhetoric of national emancipation and a political practice incapable of questioning hierarchical social structures of caste. This contributed to the growth of an unresolved ambiguity during this period between a marked radicalism with regards to opposition to the structures and formations of the state and an emphasis on the importance of its transformation on the one hand, and, on the other, a deep conservatism regarding internal social hierarchies. This ambiguity has had clear effects upon the evolution of the practices and imagination of politics in contemporary India. It has been shared by figures ranging from stalwarts&#8217; supporters of secular nationalism as conceived by the Congress and defendants of the Gandhian legacy based on the importance of swaraj as autonomy, to diverse interpreters of Marxism. At the same time, this ambiguity has been important not only to practices and forms of government, but also to traditions and imaginaries of protest in postcolonial India. In this article, we will explore the presence of this ambiguity in the public debate of British India during these decades through the analysis and juxtaposition of two moments of the intellectual history of India and, more specifically, Bengal. The first one, well known and widely studied, is marked by the nationalist critique of colonial economic policies during the last half of the nineteenth century. This body of critique includes the thought and work of recognized figures of nineteenth century Indian liberalism, such as Dadabhai Naoroji, R. C. Dutt and Prithwis Chandra Ray. The second, considerably less studied, encompasses a set of writings dealing with the relevance of the caste system for the sake of understanding the expansion of certain ideas and tenets of left wing and socialist European radicalism in India at the turn of the twentieth century. By focusing on this material, I am interested in arguing that the radicalism of the nationalist anticolonial movement in India which stemmed from the thrust of early twentieth century swadeshi agitations was revolutionary only in antiimperialist terms and when referring to the need to transform the unjust and oppressive structures of the colonial state. On the contrary, this broad current of nationalism remained profoundly conservative with regards to the internal hierarchies of Indian society.]]></p></abstract>
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<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[India]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ideas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[casta]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[liberalismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[izquierda]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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