<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2448-6442</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Estudios sociológicos]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Estud. sociol]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2448-6442</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[El Colegio de México A.C., Centro de Estudios Sociológicos]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2448-64422023000400033</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24201/es.2023v41nespecial.2183</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[La gran dama. La Fundación Rockefeller y las ciencias sociales mexicanas en los años de 1940]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Science Patronage, the Rockefeller Foundation, and the Mexican Social Sciences in the 1940s]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morcillo Laiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Álvaro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Freie Universität Berlin  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Germany</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>41</volume>
<numero>spe</numero>
<fpage>33</fpage>
<lpage>79</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2448-64422023000400033&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2448-64422023000400033&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2448-64422023000400033&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: Si las universidades públicas de América Latina se consideran parte del Estado, parecería entonces probable que compartiesen rasgos fundamentales con el Estado. Ello implicaría, por ejemplo, que durante gran parte del siglo XX las universidades han sido clientelistas, como el propio Estado. Esta hipótesis no ha sido aún cuidadosamente examinada por la literatura sobre las ciencias sociales mexicanas del siglo XX. Tampoco lo ha sido el papel que desempeñaron otros mecenas de la ciencia, como las fundaciones filantrópicas estadounidenses. En este artículo sostengo que la Fundación Rockefeller patrocinó las humanidades, practicadas con un espíritu liberal y organizadas según criterios racionales formales; la Fundación quería fomentar una alternativa a lo que percibía como clientelismo y amateurismo en las universidades latinoamericanas. Mientras que las fundaciones filantrópicas se han considerado con frecuencia una manifestación más de cómo el imperialismo estadounidense persigue la hegemonía cultural en América Latina, este artículo muestra que las fundaciones ni fueron actores unitarios ni capaces de predecir el impacto real de sus decisiones. En México, en la década de 1940, la Fundación Rockefeller impulsó las humanidades, pero perdió la oportunidad de apoyar otro proyecto liberal, de inspiración europea y socialdemócrata, para la enseñanza y la investigación en ciencias sociales.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: If the public universities of Latin America are considered part of the State, then it would seem likely that they share fundamental features with it. This would imply, for example, that during much of the 20th century, universities have been clientelistic, like the State itself. However, this feasible hypothesis has never been examined by the literature on the Mexican social sciences of the 20th century. The same is true of the role played by patrons of science, such as American philanthropic foundations. In this article, I argue that the Rockefeller Foundation sponsored the humanities, practiced in a liberal spirit, and organized according to formal rational criteria; the Foundation wished to promote an alternative to what it perceived as clientelism and amateurism in Latin American universities. While philanthropic foundations have often been seen as yet another manifestation of how U.S. imperialism pursues cultural hegemony in Latin America, this article shows that foundations were neither individual actors nor able to predict the actual impact of their decisions. In Mexico, the Rockefeller Foundation promoted the humanities in the 1940s, but missed the opportunity to support a local vision of social science teaching and research.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[historia intelectual]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sociología de la ciencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[historia de la sociología]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sociología política internacional]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sociología histórica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[racionalidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[dominación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[clientelismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[diplomacia cultural]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[relaciones entre Estados Unidos y América Latina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[México]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Fundación Rockefeller]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[José Medina Echavarría]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Daniel Cosío Villegas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[El Colegio de México]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales (UNAM)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[intellectual history]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[sociology of science]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[history of sociology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[international political sociology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[historical sociology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[rationality]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[domination]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[patronage]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cultural diplomacy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[relations between the United States and Latin America]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mexico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Rockefeller Foundation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Jose Medina Echavarria]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Daniel Cosío Villegas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[El Colegio de México]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Institute of Social Research (UNAM)]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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