<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2448-6221</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Anales de antropología]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[An. antropol.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2448-6221</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Antropológicas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2448-62212021000200023</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22201/iia.24486221e.2021.77239</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[La importancia de reconocer a los &#8220;hablantes fantasma&#8221; en los proyectos de revitalización lingüística: experiencia con el zapoteco de San Bartolo Yautepec]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The importance of recognizing Ghost Speakers in linguistic revitalization projects: Experience with San Bartolo Yautepec Zapotec]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Covarrubias Acosta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Adela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,El Colegio de México  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[CDMX ]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>55</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>23</fpage>
<lpage>35</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2448-62212021000200023&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2448-62212021000200023&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2448-62212021000200023&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen En este artículo se reconoce la existencia e importancia de los &#8220;hablantes fantasma&#8221;, hablantes competentes que sufren inseguridad lingüística, en el zapoteco de San Bartolo Yautepec, una lengua altamente amenazada, hablada tanto en el pueblo de San Bartolo Yautepec, Oaxaca, México, como en una comunidad diáspora en el área conurbada de la Ciudad de México. Para ello, primero se aborda la situación sociolingüística de esta lengua y comunidad de habla, y cómo ésta llevó al desplazamiento lingüístico. Después se muestra que el zapoteco de San Bartolo Yautepec se ajusta a algunas características generales que se han reportado para las lenguas moribundas, como una mayor variación y cambio lingüístico acelerado, y cómo es que este cambio lingüístico tiene un impacto en las actitudes hacia la lengua. El cambio que se describe incluye pérdida de consonantes lenis y una complejización del sistema tonal en el habla de las generaciones más jóvenes. Posterior a ello, se hace una clasificación de todos los tipos de hablantes en esta lengua, incluyendo a los &#8220;hablantes fantasma&#8221;, y el papel que juega cada uno en el proyecto de revitalización lingüística en la actualidad. Enseguida se aborda el proyecto de revitalización como tal, y se hace un recuento de las actividades que se llevan a cabo en la actualidad y el fin que persigue cada una para cada tipo de hablante que se abordó en la clasificación. Muchas de estas actividades van encaminadas a fomentar los lazos entre los miembros de la comunidad y generar seguridad lingüística en los hablantes inseguros.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This article recognizes the existence and importance of &#8220;ghost speakers&#8221;, competent speakers who suffer linguistic insecurity, in San Bartolo Yautepec Zapotec, a highly endangered, language spoken in San Bartolo Yautepec, Oaxaca, Mexico and in a diasporic community in Mexico City conurbation. To this end, we first address this language and speech community&#8217;s sociolinguistic situation and how this led to linguistic shift. It is then shown that San Bartolo Yautepec Zapotec conforms to some general characteristics that have been reported for highly endangered languages, such as increased variation and accelerated linguistic change, and how this linguistic change has an impact on attitudes toward the language. The change described includes loss of lenis consonants and a complexification of the tonal system in younger generations&#8217; speech. This is followed by a classification of the speakers in this language, including the &#8220;ghost speakers&#8221;, and their role in the current linguistic revitalization project. Next, the revitalization project is discussed, and an account is given of the activities currently being carried out and the purpose of each for each type of speaker discussed in the classification. Many of these activities aim to foster ties among community members and generate linguistic security for insecure speakers.]]></p></abstract>
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<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[nombres de lugares indígenas]]></kwd>
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<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[territorialidad indígena]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[indigenous place names]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Chiapas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[indigenous territoriality]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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<surname><![CDATA[Herrera Zendejas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Lenguas]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
