<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2448-5691</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Mundo nano. Revista interdisciplinaria en nanociencias y nanotecnología]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Mundo nano]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2448-5691</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas y Tecnología]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2448-56912025000100002</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22201/ceiich.24485691e.2025.34.69829</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Caracterización de osteoesferoides para inducir mineralización]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Ostespheroid caracterization to promote mineralization]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez-Escamilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Luis]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valencia-González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Heriberto Abraham]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Serrano-Bello]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Janeth]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vázquez-Vázquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Febe Carolina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gaitán-Salvatella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Íñigo]]></given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Álvarez-Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marco Antonio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maldonado-Frías]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Silvia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Facultad de Odontología Laboratorio de Bioingeniería de Tejidos]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Laboratorio de Virus y Cáncer]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Facultad de Odontología Laboratorio de Investigación de Materiales Dentales y Biomateriales]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>34</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2448-56912025000100002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2448-56912025000100002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2448-56912025000100002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: Este trabajo muestra la obtención de osteoesferoides con la capacidad de formar nódulos mineralizados, puediendo utilizarse como modelos de estudio para probar nanofármacos o nanomateriales. Se realizaron cultivos celulares en suspensión para obtener esferoides de osteoblastos fetales, probando diferentes concentraciones celulares/mL durante 5 días. Se seleccionó la condición donde el diámetro va de 80 a 150 µM para realizar ensayos a 3, 7, 14 y 21 días. La viabilidad celular de los osteoesferoides se cuantificó mediante exclusión con azul tripano y se realizaron ensayos clonogénicos para determinar el efecto del medio mineralizante en la formación de estas estructuras. La integridad de los osteoesferoides se observó por H&amp;E y la formación de nódulos mineralizados fue detectada mediante tinción con alizarina roja. Los resultados muestran osteoesferoides regulares sin coagregados a una concentración de 5 x 102 células /mL y viables por arriba del 70% a los 7 días de formación. Los ensayos clonogénicos no muestran diferencias significativas en morfología ni el número de colonias entre el control y el medio para inducir mineralización. Las tinciones con H&amp;E dejan ver núcleos y citoplasma definido a los 3, 7 y 14 días, y a los 7 y 14 días la tinción con alizarina roja sugiere que están formando deposiciones de calcio.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: This work shows the obtaining of osteospheroids, which have the ability to produce mineralized nodules, which can be used as study models to test nanodrugs or nanomaterials. Cell suspension cultures were made to obtain fetal osteoblast spheroids, with different cell concentrations/mL for 5 days. The condition where the diameter ranges from 80 to 150 µM was selected to make tests at 3, 7, 14 and 21 days. The cell viability of the osteospheroids was quantified by trypan blue exclusion and clonogenic assays were realized to determine the effect of the mineralizing medium on the formation of these structures. The integrity of the osteospheroids was observed by H&amp;E and the formation of mineralized nodules was detected by alizarin red staining. The results show regular osteospheroids without aggregates at a concentration of 5 x 102 cells/mL and viable above 70% after 7 days of formation. Clonogenic assays do not show significant differences in morphology or the number of colonies between the control and the medium that induces mineralization. H&amp;E stains show nuclei and defined cytoplasm at 3, 7, and 14 days, and at 7 and 14 days, alizarin red staining suggests that they are generating calcium deposits.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[osteospheroids]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[3D culture]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[mineralized nodules]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[stem cell]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[osteoesferoides]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cultivo tridimensional]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[nódulos mineralizados]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[células madre]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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